From a77477cbe82f16d8903329a62f4dc9a3be810c31 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Abdessamad Derraz <3028866+Abdess@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 17 Mar 2026 20:11:18 +0100
Subject: [PATCH] feat: add 10 emulator profiles (119-series batch 1)

81 (ZX81, embedded), DoubleCherryGB (GB dual, no BIOS),
amiarcadia (Arcadia 2001, no BIOS), applewin (Apple II, 26 embedded),
ardens (Arduboy, 6 bootloaders embedded), daphne (LaserDisc, no BIOS),
pcem (IBM PC, 75+ machine/video/sound ROMs), panda3ds (3DS, optional keys),
easyrpg (RPG Maker, soundfont + RTP), frodo (C64, 4 ROMs embedded)

105 total profiles.
---
 emulators/81.yml             |  49 +++
 emulators/amiarcadia.yml     |  35 ++
 emulators/applewin.yml       | 220 +++++++++++
 emulators/ardens.yml         |  84 +++++
 emulators/daphne.yml         |  56 +++
 emulators/doublecherrygb.yml |  30 ++
 emulators/easyrpg.yml        | 119 ++++++
 emulators/frodo.yml          |  87 +++++
 emulators/panda3ds.yml       |  42 +++
 emulators/pcem.yml           | 708 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 10 files changed, 1430 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 emulators/81.yml
 create mode 100644 emulators/amiarcadia.yml
 create mode 100644 emulators/applewin.yml
 create mode 100644 emulators/ardens.yml
 create mode 100644 emulators/daphne.yml
 create mode 100644 emulators/doublecherrygb.yml
 create mode 100644 emulators/easyrpg.yml
 create mode 100644 emulators/frodo.yml
 create mode 100644 emulators/panda3ds.yml
 create mode 100644 emulators/pcem.yml

diff --git a/emulators/81.yml b/emulators/81.yml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e210d2fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/emulators/81.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+emulator: EightyOne
+type: libretro
+source: "https://github.com/libretro/81-libretro"
+cores:
+  - 81
+systems:
+  - sinclair-zx81
+
+notes: |
+  EightyOne is a Sinclair ZX81 emulator ported to libretro. Also supports
+  ZX80, Jupiter ACE, TS1500, Lambda, R470, TK85, and ZX97LE machines, but
+  the libretro port hardcodes MACHINEZX81 in retro_load_game (libretro.cpp:393).
+
+  ROM loading is in snap.c:487-512. The memory_load() function matches the
+  requested ROM filename against a compiled-in table and copies from embedded
+  byte arrays generated by xxd -i at build time (Makefile.libretro:519-522).
+  Only two ROMs are embedded: zx81.rom (the ZX81 8K BASIC ROM) and dkchr.rom
+  (dK'tronics character ROM). Any other ROM name logs an error and returns 0.
+
+  The core never calls RETRO_ENVIRONMENT_GET_SYSTEM_DIRECTORY, never opens
+  files from the filesystem for ROM data, and need_fullpath is set to false
+  (libretro.cpp:308). All ROM data is baked into the compiled .so/.dll.
+
+  No external BIOS or firmware files are needed.
+
+files: []
+
+analysis:
+  embedded_roms:
+    zx81_rom:
+      variable: bin_ROM_zx81_rom
+      source_file: "bin/ROM/zx81.rom"
+      build_step: "xxd -i -> C array"
+      source_ref: "snap.c:489-498"
+    dkchr_rom:
+      variable: bin_ROM_dkchr_rom
+      source_file: "bin/ROM/dkchr.rom"
+      build_step: "xxd -i -> C array"
+      source_ref: "snap.c:499-508"
+  machine_roms:
+    notes: |
+      eo.c sets CurRom based on machine type. The libretro port forces
+      MACHINEZX81 (eo.c:39-41), so CurRom is always zx81.ROM81 which
+      defaults to "zx81.rom". Other machine ROMs (zx80, ace, ts1500,
+      lambda, zx97le, ringo470, tk85) are referenced but only zx81.rom
+      and dkchr.rom are embedded. Selecting other machines would log
+      "ROM not found" and load nothing.
+  filesystem_access: false
+  system_directory_used: false
diff --git a/emulators/amiarcadia.yml b/emulators/amiarcadia.yml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..58f05e64
--- /dev/null
+++ b/emulators/amiarcadia.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+emulator: amiarcadia
+type: libretro
+source: "https://amigan.yatho.com/"
+cores:
+  - amiarcadia
+systems:
+  - emerson-arcadia-2001
+  - interton-vc4000
+  - elektor-tv-games-computer
+
+# AmiArcadia is a libretro port of James Jacobs' emulator for Signetics
+# 2636 PVI / 2637 UVI + 2650 CPU-based systems: Emerson Arcadia 2001 and
+# clones (Bandai, Grandstand, Schmid, Hanimex, Leisurevision, etc.),
+# Interton VC 4000 family (Voltmace, Rowtron, Fountain, etc.), Elektor
+# TV Games Computer, and Zaccaria/Malzak coin-op arcade machines.
+#
+# The core does NOT require any BIOS or system ROM files.
+# firmware_count = 0 in amiarcadia_libretro.info confirms this.
+#
+# ROM identification:
+#   The core auto-identifies known game ROMs by CRC32 and configures the
+#   correct machine type, memory map, and game-specific settings. For
+#   unknown ROMs, the user selects machine type via the "Machine" core
+#   option (Arcadia / Interton).
+#
+# Supported extensions: .bin, .tvc
+#
+# Source ref: libretro-core-info/amiarcadia_libretro.info (firmware_count = 0)
+# Docs: https://docs.libretro.com/library/amiarcadia/
+
+notes: |
+  No BIOS files required. The emulator has no external firmware dependencies.
+  Game ROMs are identified by CRC32 for automatic machine configuration.
+
+bios_files: []
diff --git a/emulators/applewin.yml b/emulators/applewin.yml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..027770a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/emulators/applewin.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,220 @@
+emulator: AppleWin
+type: libretro
+source: "https://github.com/audetto/AppleWin"
+cores:
+  - applewin
+systems:
+  - apple-ii
+
+notes: |
+  AppleWin is an Apple II/IIe/II+ emulator. The libretro port embeds all
+  ROM images directly into the compiled binary via a CMake resource system
+  (resource/CMakeLists.txt -> apple2roms static library -> apple2roms_data.h).
+  The GNUFrame::GetResourceData() function serves ROMs from this compiled-in
+  map. No external BIOS/firmware files are needed.
+
+  The core never calls RETRO_ENVIRONMENT_GET_SYSTEM_DIRECTORY and the official
+  applewin_libretro.info has zero firmware entries.
+
+  Supported machine types (via core option applewin_machine):
+    Enhanced Apple //e, Apple ][ (Original), Apple ][+, Apple ][ J-Plus,
+    Apple //e, Pravets 82, Pravets 8M, Pravets 8A, Base64A, TK3000 //e
+
+  Supported extensions: bin, do, dsk, nib, po, gz, woz, zip, 2mg, 2img,
+  iie, apl, hdv, yaml, m3u
+
+  supports_no_game: true (can boot without content)
+
+files: []
+
+analysis:
+  embedded_roms:
+    build_system: "CMake add_resources() in resource/CMakeLists.txt"
+    storage: "apple2roms static library linked into core binary"
+    accessor: "GNUFrame::GetResourceData() -> apple2roms::data map"
+    source_ref: "source/frontends/common2/gnuframe.cpp:83"
+
+    system_roms:
+      - id: IDR_APPLE2_ROM
+        filename: Apple2.rom
+        size: 12288
+        md5: 3c406514b9806a7c57ee65fb0b0c39b4
+        sha1: 09288be705464b608ff190519ab008d3dfcd1b05
+        note: "Apple ][ original ROM (12 KB)"
+
+      - id: IDR_APPLE2_PLUS_ROM
+        filename: Apple2_Plus.rom
+        size: 12288
+        md5: 572b3005a4fa49bc54917b069b82c1ab
+        sha1: 33a24f5489ba9195b44be77d9afb2252594cb5c7
+        note: "Apple ][+ ROM (12 KB)"
+
+      - id: IDR_APPLE2_JPLUS_ROM
+        filename: Apple2_JPlus.rom
+        size: 12288
+        md5: f3e8237eca3809bec2a42b984a1332a8
+        sha1: ad200b3263d08e7235d0871c8595963a07adc905
+        note: "Apple ][ J-Plus ROM (12 KB)"
+
+      - id: IDR_APPLE2E_ROM
+        filename: Apple2e.rom
+        size: 16384
+        md5: 346bc782c6a08a531c460e33bc03daf4
+        sha1: 61fa9254628e5bb7236fb474006116d67684d747
+        note: "Apple //e ROM (16 KB)"
+
+      - id: IDR_APPLE2E_ENHANCED_ROM
+        filename: Apple2e_Enhanced.rom
+        size: 16384
+        md5: 38063e08c778503fc03ecebb979769e9
+        sha1: b8ea90abe135a0031065e01697c4a3a20d51198b
+        note: "Enhanced Apple //e ROM (16 KB, default machine type)"
+
+      - id: IDR_PRAVETS_82_ROM
+        filename: PRAVETS82.ROM
+        size: 12288
+        md5: c619b7edfcf021f3b8fd20d9386676ba
+        sha1: 8bd7ced83e209a15e9b19a05a5ef4b8e996dc1a5
+        note: "Pravets 82 ROM (12 KB)"
+
+      - id: IDR_PRAVETS_8M_ROM
+        filename: PRAVETS8M.ROM
+        size: 12288
+        md5: 76c79535f7cf77973e2c711aa977a124
+        sha1: f1b4ff018acf95f3355f0d575b66a188d728b687
+        note: "Pravets 8M ROM (12 KB)"
+
+      - id: IDR_PRAVETS_8C_ROM
+        filename: PRAVETS8C.ROM
+        size: 16384
+        md5: 1896d7b98dd940c89f7c8ea899b71006
+        sha1: c976fe56e57706c161f513a82ba3e0d8cda83904
+        note: "Pravets 8A/8C ROM (16 KB)"
+
+      - id: IDR_TK3000_2E_ROM
+        filename: TK3000e.rom
+        size: 16384
+        md5: 8d84b614b545d4eec8799d3f325332cb
+        sha1: f163e5753c18ff0e812a448e8da406f102600edf
+        note: "TK3000 //e ROM (16 KB)"
+
+      - id: IDR_BASE_64A_ROM
+        filename: Base64A.rom
+        size: 49152
+        md5: 352fdbcae14c6a8c0398822c7a273309
+        sha1: f1c779af480b5bda2bdd03950c1201a5c5143bea
+        note: "Base64A ROM (48 KB)"
+
+      - id: IDR_FREEZES_F8_ROM
+        filename: Freezes_Non-autostart_F8_Rom.rom
+        size: 2048
+        md5: d0a61e95ed1e1dc37c8e4801326aa79e
+        sha1: 3180be6b555ee9ef1f59c4fc3f25c5aab8c39c81
+        note: "Freezes non-autostart F8 ROM (2 KB)"
+
+    video_roms:
+      - id: IDR_APPLE2_VIDEO_ROM
+        filename: Apple2_Video.rom
+        size: 2048
+        md5: 9ac0dc8c4d0002eb45b0b84be0bde5ec
+        sha1: f9d312f128c9557d9d6ac03bfad6c3ddf83e5659
+        note: "Apple II character generator ROM (2 KB)"
+
+      - id: IDR_APPLE2_JPLUS_VIDEO_ROM
+        filename: Apple2_JPlus_Video.rom
+        size: 2048
+        md5: 271e2c9bf928b95e7baeff391db45495
+        sha1: 0a382be58db5215c4a3de53b19a72fab660d5da2
+        note: "Apple ][ J-Plus character generator ROM (2 KB)"
+
+      - id: IDR_APPLE2E_ENHANCED_VIDEO_ROM
+        filename: Apple2e_Enhanced_Video.rom
+        size: 4096
+        md5: 9123fff3442c0e688cc6816be88dd4ab
+        sha1: b2b5d87f52693817fc747df087a4aa1ddcdb1f10
+        note: "Enhanced Apple //e character generator ROM (4 KB)"
+
+      - id: IDR_BASE64A_VIDEO_ROM
+        filename: Base64A_German_Video.rom
+        size: 4096
+        md5: 4b45852b369e2afd864a02d0d91f70dc
+        sha1: 87ca8135f7526ddf829f9c2c4f7dbe4d568818fc
+        note: "Base64A German character generator ROM (4 KB)"
+
+    peripheral_firmware:
+      - id: IDR_DISK2_13SECTOR_FW
+        filename: DISK2-13sector.rom
+        size: 256
+        md5: 4f80448507cf43ab40c17ac08d89e278
+        sha1: afd060e6f35faf3bb0146fa889fc787adf56330a
+        note: "Disk II 13-sector controller ROM (256 B)"
+
+      - id: IDR_DISK2_16SECTOR_FW
+        filename: DISK2.rom
+        size: 256
+        md5: 2020aa1413ff77fe29353f3ee72dc295
+        sha1: d4181c9f046aafc3fb326b381baac809d9e38d16
+        note: "Disk II 16-sector controller ROM (256 B)"
+
+      - id: IDR_SSC_FW
+        filename: SSC.rom
+        size: 2048
+        md5: 67c0d61ab0911183faf05270f881a97e
+        sha1: 6dab633470c6bc4cb3e81d09fda46597caf8ee57
+        note: "Super Serial Card firmware (2 KB)"
+
+      - id: IDR_HDDRVR_FW
+        filename: Hddrvr.bin
+        size: 256
+        md5: e0a40e9166af27b16f60beb83c9233f0
+        sha1: 69667800c54da1d4466e7b2168c0e418a4cf586c
+        note: "Hard disk controller firmware v1 (256 B)"
+
+      - id: IDR_HDDRVR_V2_FW
+        filename: Hddrvr-v2.bin
+        size: 256
+        md5: a49e45e7a6d4de23e0845a59c7e31e0c
+        sha1: 06115eebb4d58221b5c062a42bf3e41e137447ed
+        note: "Hard disk controller firmware v2 (256 B)"
+
+      - id: IDR_HDC_SMARTPORT_FW
+        filename: HDC-SmartPort.bin
+        size: 256
+        md5: 2592efa1d34ade55d490a1b39911c9b2
+        sha1: fd557998fd5823ad69a42ad1282e4fe47db02dca
+        note: "SmartPort hard disk controller firmware (256 B)"
+
+      - id: IDR_PRINTDRVR_FW
+        filename: Parallel.rom
+        size: 256
+        md5: 5902996f16dc78fc013f6e1db14805b3
+        sha1: c75c751589cbcc1ad4ab4f63676af7abadd86f5b
+        note: "Parallel printer card firmware (256 B)"
+
+      - id: IDR_MOCKINGBOARD_D_FW
+        filename: Mockingboard-D.rom
+        size: 2048
+        md5: ab53170c5ec66b63e6356f637f4388ed
+        sha1: e8d20f4b59fe867ff76434d35a14d2cbdc8533e3
+        note: "Mockingboard-D sound card firmware (2 KB)"
+
+      - id: IDR_MOUSEINTERFACE_FW
+        filename: MouseInterface.rom
+        size: 2048
+        md5: 22563ab338024dac7b03510371d49c57
+        sha1: 3a9d881a8a8d30f55b9719aceebbcf717f829d6f
+        note: "Mouse interface card firmware (2 KB)"
+
+      - id: IDR_THUNDERCLOCKPLUS_FW
+        filename: ThunderClockPlus.rom
+        size: 2048
+        md5: 138b1f7e30953fcaa58fcbf562c15001
+        sha1: 60f434f5325899d7ea257a6e56e6f53eae65146a
+        note: "ThunderClock Plus firmware (2 KB)"
+
+      - id: IDR_TKCLOCK_FW
+        filename: TKClock.rom
+        size: 2304
+        md5: 7076083b9d748b7637b020636543971b
+        sha1: 3740516cc9050465f8b884dbeb0ecdd2c1354620
+        note: "TK Clock firmware (2.25 KB)"
diff --git a/emulators/ardens.yml b/emulators/ardens.yml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1e62b3ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/emulators/ardens.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+emulator: Ardens
+type: libretro
+source: "https://github.com/tiberiusbrown/ardens"
+cores:
+  - ardens
+systems:
+  - arduboy
+
+notes: |
+  Ardens is an Arduboy FX simulator designed for profiling and debugging,
+  ported to libretro. It emulates the ATmega32U4 MCU, SSD1306 OLED display,
+  and W25Q128 external flash used by the Arduboy hardware.
+
+  No BIOS or bootloader files are required. The core has all boot code
+  compiled directly into the binary:
+
+  - Caterina/Arduboy3K bootloaders for multiple hardware revisions (D1, D2,
+    E2) are embedded as C arrays generated from .hex files via bin2c.py.
+    Located in src/boot/boot_game_*.c and src/boot/boot_menu_*.c.
+    The appropriate variant is selected at reset based on the configured
+    device type (absim_arduboy.cpp:115-161).
+
+  - Flashcart header (1536 bytes) is embedded in src/boot/boot_flashcart.c
+    and written to the start of the W25Q128 flash image at init
+    (absim_w25q128.hpp:14).
+
+  - EEPROM (1024 bytes) and external flash (W25Q128, 16 MB) state are
+    handled as save RAM through the libretro RETRO_MEMORY_SAVE_RAM
+    interface, not as system files.
+
+  The libretro port does not call RETRO_ENVIRONMENT_GET_SYSTEM_DIRECTORY
+  and never attempts to load any file from the system directory.
+  The .info file declares firmware_count = 0.
+
+  Supported ROM formats: Intel HEX (.hex) and Arduboy package (.arduboy).
+  block_extract is set to true (the core reads archives directly).
+
+files: []
+
+platform_details:
+  embedded_bootloaders:
+    source_ref: "src/boot/_make.bat, src/absim_arduboy.cpp:115-161"
+    variants:
+      - name: "arduboy3k-bootloader-game-sda"
+        array: "ARDENS_BOOT_GAME_D1"
+        size: 8422
+        device: "Arduboy FX (SDA)"
+      - name: "arduboy3k-bootloader-menu-sda"
+        array: "ARDENS_BOOT_MENU_D1"
+        size: 8422
+        device: "Arduboy FX (SDA)"
+      - name: "arduboy3k-bootloader-game-devkit"
+        array: "ARDENS_BOOT_GAME_D2"
+        size: 8446
+        device: "Arduboy FX DevKit"
+      - name: "arduboy3k-bootloader-menu-devkit"
+        array: "ARDENS_BOOT_MENU_D2"
+        size: 8446
+        device: "Arduboy FX DevKit"
+      - name: "arduboymini-bootloader-game"
+        array: "ARDENS_BOOT_GAME_E2"
+        size: 8548
+        device: "Arduboy Mini"
+      - name: "arduboymini-bootloader-menu"
+        array: "ARDENS_BOOT_MENU_E2"
+        size: 8548
+        device: "Arduboy Mini"
+    notes: |
+      All bootloaders are compiled from Intel HEX into C arrays at build
+      time. The core selects the game or menu variant at reset depending
+      on whether a flashcart image was loaded and the boot_to_menu config
+      flag (absim_arduboy.cpp:142-158). The bootloader is written to the
+      top of the ATmega32U4 program memory at the address defined by the
+      BOOTSZ fuse bits (absim.hpp:811).
+
+  embedded_flashcart_header:
+    source_ref: "src/boot/boot_flashcart.c, src/absim_w25q128.hpp:14"
+    array: "ARDENS_BOOT_FLASHCART"
+    size: 1536
+    notes: |
+      Empty flashcart header written to the first 1536 bytes of the
+      W25Q128 flash image during initialization. This is not a BIOS
+      file -- it is the default flash content the Arduboy FX expects
+      at the start of external storage.
diff --git a/emulators/daphne.yml b/emulators/daphne.yml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..63724542
--- /dev/null
+++ b/emulators/daphne.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+emulator: Daphne
+type: libretro
+source: "https://github.com/libretro/daphne"
+systems:
+  - arcade-laserdisc
+
+notes: |
+  Daphne is a LaserDisc arcade game emulator ported to libretro. It emulates
+  classic full-motion video arcade games like Dragon's Lair, Space Ace,
+  Cliff Hanger, and others that used LaserDisc players for video output.
+
+  The core does NOT require any shared system BIOS or firmware files.
+  The libretro-core-info file (daphne_libretro.info) declares no firmware.
+
+  Each game loads its own arcade ROM set from a ZIP file named after the game
+  short name (e.g. lair.zip, cliff.zip, bega.zip). ROM files are individual
+  arcade chip dumps loaded via the rom_def struct in each game class
+  (daphne-1.0-src/game/*.cpp). CRC32 verification is performed at load time
+  (game.cpp:769-778).
+
+  Content loading path (libretro.cpp:546-637):
+    1. User points RetroArch to a .zip file (e.g. /Daphne/roms/lair.zip)
+    2. The core strips the path to derive:
+       - rom_name: game short name (e.g. "lair"), lowercased
+       - rom_path: parent directory
+    3. A home_dir is set to rom_path/.. (one level up from roms/)
+    4. Additional data is expected relative to home_dir:
+       - roms/    -> game ROM ZIPs
+       - framefile/ -> frame description files (.txt)
+       - sound/   -> sound samples
+       - ram/     -> SRAM saves
+       - pics/    -> overlay graphics
+
+  Expected directory layout:
+    Daphne/
+      roms/lair.zip
+      roms/cliff.zip
+      framefile/lair.txt
+      framefile/cliff.txt
+      sound/lair/   (optional, game-specific samples)
+
+  Supported games include (from README.md and libretro.cpp):
+    lair (Dragon's Lair), ace (Space Ace), cliff (Cliff Hanger),
+    bega (Bega's Battle), badlands (Badlands), esh (Esh's Aurunmilla),
+    interstellar, mach3, sdq (Super Don Quix-ote), tq (Thayer's Quest),
+    astron, galaxy, cobra, roadblaster, gpworld, lair2 (Dragon's Lair II),
+    and many ROM revision variants.
+
+  The core is marked experimental. Savestates, cheats, and disk control are
+  not supported. Requires full file path (retro_load_game uses path, not
+  data buffer).
+
+files: []
+  # No shared BIOS or firmware files. All ROMs are per-game arcade chip
+  # dumps distributed inside game-named ZIP archives. These are game content,
+  # not system files managed by retroarch_system.
diff --git a/emulators/doublecherrygb.yml b/emulators/doublecherrygb.yml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fadc5659
--- /dev/null
+++ b/emulators/doublecherrygb.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+emulator: DoubleCherryGB
+type: libretro
+source: "https://github.com/TimOelrichs/doublecherryGB-libretro"
+cores:
+  - DoubleCherryGB
+systems:
+  - nintendo-gb
+  - nintendo-gbc
+
+notes: |
+  DoubleCherryGB is a Game Boy / Game Boy Color emulator forked from TGB Dual
+  by GIGO and Hii. It adds multi-Game Boy emulation with virtual link cable
+  support for up to 16 players, DMG-07 4-Player Adapter emulation, and
+  built-in Pokemon distribution events.
+
+  No BIOS or boot ROM files are required or supported. The core does not
+  call RETRO_ENVIRONMENT_GET_SYSTEM_DIRECTORY for firmware loading and does
+  not attempt to open any files from the system directory.
+
+  In cpu.cpp:82, the program counter is initialized to 0x100 (post-boot ROM
+  entry point), and cpu::reset() sets all registers to their post-boot
+  values directly (AF=0x01B0 for DMG, 0x11B0 for CGB). This means the
+  core completely bypasses the boot ROM sequence via HLE register setup.
+
+  The .info file at libretro-core-info confirms no firmware entries.
+
+  Supported extensions: gb, dmg, gbc, cgb, sgb.
+  Library version: v0.18.0.
+
+files: []
diff --git a/emulators/easyrpg.yml b/emulators/easyrpg.yml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7d8be7ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/emulators/easyrpg.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+emulator: EasyRPG Player
+type: libretro
+source: "https://github.com/libretro/easyrpg-libretro"
+cores:
+  - easyrpg
+systems:
+  - rpgmaker
+
+# EasyRPG Player is an open-source interpreter for RPG Maker 2000 and 2003
+# games. It does not require any BIOS or firmware files. All system data
+# files are optional and improve the experience (MIDI music, RTP assets).
+#
+# The official libretro .info file declares zero firmware entries.
+#
+# Directory layout under <system_dir>:
+#   rtp/2000/              - RPG Maker 2000 Run-Time Package assets
+#   rtp/2003/              - RPG Maker 2003 Run-Time Package assets
+#   easyrpg-player/        - global config dir (auto-created)
+#   easyrpg-player/Soundfont/ - user-provided .sf2 files
+#   easyrpg-player/Font/   - user-provided font files
+#
+# RTP path resolution (filefinder_rtp.cpp:68-75, libretro build):
+#   1. <core_assets_dir>/rtp/<version>
+#   2. <system_dir>/rtp/<version>
+#   where <version> is "2000" or "2003" depending on the game
+#
+# MIDI playback uses FluidSynth (fluidlite) with this soundfont search
+# order (decoder_fluidsynth.cpp:118-163):
+#   1. User-configured soundfont from settings
+#   2. "easyrpg.soundfont" (looked up via VFS, placed in game dir or system dir)
+#   3. FluidSynth default soundfont setting
+#   4. SDL_SOUNDFONTS environment variable
+#   5. /usr/share/soundfonts/FluidR3_GM.sf2 (Linux desktop)
+#   6. /usr/share/sounds/sf2/FluidR3_GM.sf2 (Linux desktop)
+#
+# WildMidi alternative MIDI (decoder_wildmidi.cpp:99-114, libretro build):
+#   1. <system_dir>/wildmidi.cfg
+#   2. <core_assets_dir>/wildmidi/wildmidi.cfg
+#
+# Games that include all their assets (FullPackageFlag) need nothing extra.
+# Games relying on RPG Maker RTP need the matching RTP installed.
+
+notes: |
+  No BIOS or firmware required. All files listed below are optional runtime
+  data that improve compatibility and audio quality.
+
+  RTP (Run-Time Package) contains default assets (sprites, music, sound effects)
+  shared by many RPG Maker games. Games that ship all their own assets do not
+  need it. The RPG Maker 2000 and 2003 RTPs are separate packages. EasyRPG
+  also supports translated/third-party RTP variants (Don Miguel, Kadokawa,
+  Enterbrain, RPG Advocate, etc.) and auto-detects which one a game uses.
+
+  For MIDI music, a General MIDI soundfont in SF2 format is needed. Place it
+  as easyrpg.soundfont in the system directory, or put any .sf2 file in
+  easyrpg-player/Soundfont/ and select it from the core settings menu.
+
+files:
+  # ================================================================
+  # Soundfont for MIDI playback (optional)
+  # decoder_fluidsynth.cpp:125 - first custom path checked
+  # ================================================================
+
+  - name: "easyrpg.soundfont"
+    path: "easyrpg.soundfont"
+    required: false
+    source_ref: "decoder_fluidsynth.cpp:125, scene_logo.cpp:261"
+    note: >
+      General MIDI soundfont (SF2 format) for MIDI music playback. Many RPG
+      Maker games use MIDI for background music. Without a soundfont, MIDI
+      tracks are silent. Any GM-compatible .sf2 works. Can also be placed in
+      easyrpg-player/Soundfont/ with any filename.
+
+  # ================================================================
+  # WildMidi configuration (optional, alternative MIDI backend)
+  # decoder_wildmidi.cpp:99-114
+  # ================================================================
+
+  - name: "wildmidi.cfg"
+    path: "wildmidi.cfg"
+    required: false
+    source_ref: "decoder_wildmidi.cpp:103-104"
+    note: >
+      WildMidi configuration file pointing to GUS patch sets for MIDI
+      playback. Alternative to FluidSynth/SF2. Only used if WildMidi
+      support is compiled in and FluidSynth is not available or disabled.
+
+  # ================================================================
+  # RPG Maker 2000 RTP (optional, game-dependent)
+  # filefinder_rtp.cpp:73-74 - <system_dir>/rtp/2000
+  # ================================================================
+
+  - name: "RPG Maker 2000 RTP"
+    path: "rtp/2000/"
+    required: false
+    type: directory
+    source_ref: "filefinder_rtp.cpp:73-74"
+    note: >
+      Run-Time Package for RPG Maker 2000 games. Contains default tilesets,
+      character sprites, battle animations, music, and sound effects. Only
+      needed by games that reference RTP assets instead of bundling them.
+      Multiple RTP variants exist (Japanese official, English official,
+      Don Miguel English translation). EasyRPG auto-detects which variant
+      a game expects.
+
+  # ================================================================
+  # RPG Maker 2003 RTP (optional, game-dependent)
+  # filefinder_rtp.cpp:73-74 - <system_dir>/rtp/2003
+  # ================================================================
+
+  - name: "RPG Maker 2003 RTP"
+    path: "rtp/2003/"
+    required: false
+    type: directory
+    source_ref: "filefinder_rtp.cpp:73-74"
+    note: >
+      Run-Time Package for RPG Maker 2003 games. Same concept as the 2000
+      RTP but with additional battle system assets for the side-view ATB
+      combat. Multiple variants exist (Japanese official, English official,
+      RPG Advocate English, Vlad Russian, Korean, Traditional Chinese).
diff --git a/emulators/frodo.yml b/emulators/frodo.yml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..52a15935
--- /dev/null
+++ b/emulators/frodo.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+emulator: Frodo
+type: libretro
+cores: [frodo]
+source: "https://github.com/libretro/frodo-libretro"
+systems: [commodore-c64]
+
+notes: |
+  Frodo is a Commodore 64 emulator by Christian Bauer (Frodo V4.2), ported
+  to libretro. It emulates the C64 (MOS 6510, VIC-II, SID, CIA x2) and an
+  optional 1541 floppy drive.
+
+  All four ROMs are embedded directly in the core binary as compiled-in
+  byte arrays (Basic_ROM.h, Kernal_ROM.h, Char_ROM.h, 1541_ROM.h). No
+  external BIOS files are required for normal operation.
+
+  The core attempts to load external ROM files from the current working
+  directory (DATADIR is empty in the libretro build) at startup via
+  load_rom_files() in main.cpp. If any file fails to open or has the wrong
+  size, the embedded ROM is used as fallback via memcpy(). The filenames
+  are hardcoded with spaces, no subdirectory prefix.
+
+  ROM loading order in load_rom_files():
+  1. "Basic ROM"  (8192 bytes, BASIC_ROM_SIZE 0x2000) -> TheC64->Basic
+  2. "Kernal ROM" (8192 bytes, KERNAL_ROM_SIZE 0x2000) -> TheC64->Kernal
+  3. "Char ROM"   (4096 bytes, CHAR_ROM_SIZE 0x1000) -> TheC64->Char
+  4. "1541 ROM"   (16384 bytes, DRIVE_ROM_SIZE 0x4000) -> TheC64->ROM1541
+
+  The core does NOT construct paths relative to retro_system_directory for
+  ROM loading. The system directory variable is fetched in retro_init() but
+  only used for the save directory fallback, not for ROM path construction.
+  DATADIR defaults to "" (empty string) when not defined by the build
+  system, so the filenames resolve to bare names in the cwd. In practice,
+  the external ROM loading path is effectively unused in the libretro build
+  since the cwd is unpredictable and the filenames contain spaces.
+
+  The Kernal ROM is patched at runtime by PatchKernal() in C64.cpp for
+  fast reset (addresses 0x1D84-0x1D85) and IEC bus replacement when 1541
+  processor emulation is enabled (multiple addresses in the 0x0D00-0x0E00
+  range are patched with 0xF2 trap opcodes).
+
+  The 1541 drive ROM is also patched at Reset() in C64.cpp: ROM checksum
+  verification is disabled (0x2AE4-0x2AE9 NOPed), DOS idle loop is
+  trapped (0x2C9B), and write sector / format track operations are
+  intercepted (0x3594-0x3598, 0x3B0C-0x3B0D).
+
+  Source: Src/main.cpp:67-115 (ROM defines, load_rom, load_rom_files),
+  Src/C64.h:33-37 (ROM size constants), Src/C64.cpp:221-284 (PatchKernal),
+  Src/C64.cpp:738-746 (Reset ROM patching),
+  Src/Basic_ROM.h, Src/Kernal_ROM.h, Src/Char_ROM.h, Src/1541_ROM.h
+  (embedded ROM arrays)
+
+files:
+  - name: "Basic ROM"
+    system: commodore-c64
+    description: "C64 BASIC V2 ROM"
+    required: false
+    embedded: true
+    size: 8192
+    note: "Embedded as builtin_basic_rom[] in Basic_ROM.h. External file never loaded in practice (DATADIR is empty, path is bare filename in cwd)."
+    source_ref: "Src/main.cpp:71,77,100-102"
+
+  - name: "Kernal ROM"
+    system: commodore-c64
+    description: "C64 Kernal ROM"
+    required: false
+    embedded: true
+    size: 8192
+    note: "Embedded as builtin_kernal_rom[] in Kernal_ROM.h. Patched at runtime for fast reset and 1541 IEC traps."
+    source_ref: "Src/main.cpp:72,78,104-106"
+
+  - name: "Char ROM"
+    system: commodore-c64
+    description: "C64 Character Generator ROM"
+    required: false
+    embedded: true
+    size: 4096
+    note: "Embedded as builtin_char_rom[] in Char_ROM.h. Used by VIC-II for text/bitmap rendering."
+    source_ref: "Src/main.cpp:73,79,108-110"
+
+  - name: "1541 ROM"
+    system: commodore-c64
+    description: "Commodore 1541 floppy drive ROM"
+    required: false
+    embedded: true
+    size: 16384
+    note: "Embedded as builtin_drive_rom[] in 1541_ROM.h. Patched at runtime to disable checksum and trap disk I/O."
+    source_ref: "Src/main.cpp:74,80,112-114"
diff --git a/emulators/panda3ds.yml b/emulators/panda3ds.yml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c07558e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/emulators/panda3ds.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+emulator: Panda3DS
+type: libretro
+core_name: panda3ds_libretro
+source: "https://github.com/panda3ds-emu/panda3ds"
+systems: [nintendo-3ds]
+
+notes: |
+  Panda3DS is an HLE 3DS emulator. Most games run without any system files.
+  Encrypted ROMs need AES keys in sysdata/aes_keys.txt, and seed-encrypted
+  titles (9.6+) also need sysdata/seeddb.bin.
+  DSP firmware is loaded from the game itself (not from disk), with HLE/LLE/Null
+  modes selectable via core option panda3ds_dsp_emulation.
+  System archives (shared font, bad word list, country list, mii data) are
+  compiled into the binary from citra_system_archives headers.
+  The libretro core does NOT use RetroArch's system directory. It stores data
+  under the save directory in "Emulator Files/sysdata/".
+  The .info file declares no firmware entries, so RetroArch will not check
+  for any system files.
+  Experimental core: is_experimental = true in the .info file.
+
+files:
+  - name: "aes_keys.txt"
+    path: "Emulator Files/sysdata/aes_keys.txt"
+    description: "AES encryption keys for decrypting encrypted ROMs"
+    required: false
+    source_ref: "src/emulator.cpp:229,238"
+    notes: |
+      Loaded at ROM load time from appDataRoot/sysdata/aes_keys.txt.
+      In libretro mode, appDataRoot = <save_dir>/Emulator Files/.
+      Contains key slot entries like "generator=XXXX", keyX/keyY values.
+      Only needed for encrypted .3ds/.cci/.cxi/.app files.
+      Decrypted dumps work without this file.
+
+  - name: "seeddb.bin"
+    path: "Emulator Files/sysdata/seeddb.bin"
+    description: "Seed database for seed-encrypted games"
+    required: false
+    source_ref: "src/emulator.cpp:230,241-242, src/core/loader/ncch.cpp:77-93"
+    notes: |
+      Required for titles using seed encryption (firmware 9.6+).
+      Must be placed alongside aes_keys.txt in the sysdata directory.
+      Without it, seed-encrypted titles will fail to load with a warning.
diff --git a/emulators/pcem.yml b/emulators/pcem.yml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d01b04a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/emulators/pcem.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,708 @@
+emulator: PCem
+type: libretro
+source: "https://github.com/libretro/libretro-pcem"
+systems: [ibm-pc, ibm-xt, ibm-at, ibm-pcjr, ibm-ps1, tandy-1000]
+
+# PCem (PC Emulator) emulates IBM PC compatibles from 8088 through Pentium.
+# All ROMs are loaded relative to the core's system directory via romfopen()
+# which prepends pcempath (= RetroArch system dir) to the path.
+# Each machine model requires its own BIOS ROM set under roms/<machine>/.
+# Video card ROMs are separate and only needed for the selected GPU.
+# The font ROM (mda.rom) is always loaded at startup.
+
+files:
+  # ========================================================
+  # FONT ROM (always loaded)
+  # ========================================================
+  - name: "MDA font ROM"
+    path: "mda.rom"
+    required: true
+    note: >
+      MDA/Hercules character generator ROM. Loaded unconditionally by loadbios()
+      via loadfont() at startup, regardless of selected video card.
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:107"
+
+  # ========================================================
+  # XT-IDE BIOS (optional, loaded for XT-class machines)
+  # ========================================================
+  - name: "XT-IDE BIOS"
+    path: "roms/ide_xt.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: >
+      XT-IDE Universal BIOS for XT-class machines. Loaded as option ROM at
+      0xC8000. Used by IBM PC, IBM XT, Generic XT, DTK XT, AMI XT,
+      Tandy, Amstrad, Euro PC, Olivetti, PC2086, PC3086, and other XT clones.
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:60-72"
+
+  - name: "AT-IDE BIOS"
+    path: "roms/ide_at.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: >
+      XT-IDE Universal BIOS for AT-class machines. Loaded as option ROM.
+      Used by IBM AT, Compaq Deskpro 386, Phoenix 386, DTK 386.
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:74-86"
+
+  - name: "AT-IDE BIOS v1.1.5"
+    path: "roms/ide_at_1_1_5.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: >
+      XT-IDE Universal BIOS v1.1.5 for AT-class machines.
+      Used specifically by IBM PS/1 model 2011.
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:88-100"
+
+  # ========================================================
+  # MACHINE BIOS ROMs - IBM
+  # ========================================================
+  - name: "IBM PC BIOS"
+    path: "roms/ibmpc/pc102782.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: "IBM 5150 PC BIOS dated 10/27/82 (8 KB)."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:382-386"
+
+  - name: "IBM PC BASIC C1.1 F6"
+    path: "roms/ibmpc/basicc11.f6"
+    required: false
+    note: "IBM Cassette BASIC C1.1 ROM, bank F6. Optional for IBM PC."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:387-388"
+
+  - name: "IBM PC BASIC C1.1 F8"
+    path: "roms/ibmpc/basicc11.f8"
+    required: false
+    note: "IBM Cassette BASIC C1.1 ROM, bank F8."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:391-393"
+
+  - name: "IBM PC BASIC C1.1 FA"
+    path: "roms/ibmpc/basicc11.fa"
+    required: false
+    note: "IBM Cassette BASIC C1.1 ROM, bank FA."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:395-397"
+
+  - name: "IBM PC BASIC C1.1 FC"
+    path: "roms/ibmpc/basicc11.fc"
+    required: false
+    note: "IBM Cassette BASIC C1.1 ROM, bank FC."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:399-401"
+
+  - name: "IBM XT BIOS (combined)"
+    path: "roms/ibmxt/xt.rom"
+    required: false
+    note: >
+      IBM 5160 XT BIOS (64 KB combined ROM). Fallback: if this file
+      is missing, the core tries the split ROMs 5000027.u19 + 1501512.u18.
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:203-222"
+
+  - name: "IBM XT BIOS U19"
+    path: "roms/ibmxt/5000027.u19"
+    required: false
+    note: "IBM XT BIOS low chip. Used when xt.rom is not present."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:206"
+
+  - name: "IBM XT BIOS U18"
+    path: "roms/ibmxt/1501512.u18"
+    required: false
+    note: "IBM XT BIOS high chip. Used when xt.rom is not present."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:207"
+
+  - name: "IBM PCjr BIOS"
+    path: "roms/ibmpcjr/bios.rom"
+    required: false
+    note: "IBM PCjr BIOS (64 KB). Required for PCjr machine model."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:226-229"
+
+  - name: "IBM AT BIOS U27"
+    path: "roms/ibmat/62x0820.u27"
+    required: false
+    note: "IBM 5170 AT BIOS low chip. Paired with 62x0821.u47."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:299"
+
+  - name: "IBM AT BIOS U47"
+    path: "roms/ibmat/62x0821.u47"
+    required: false
+    note: "IBM 5170 AT BIOS high chip. Paired with 62x0820.u27."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:300"
+
+  - name: "IBM PS/1 model 2011 BIOS"
+    path: "roms/ibmps1es/f80000.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: >
+      IBM PS/1 model 2011 BIOS (128 KB). 64 KB is read from offset 0x60000.
+      Also loaded separately by PS/1 motherboard init as a high ROM at 0xF80000.
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:513-517, src/ps1.c:127-128"
+
+  # ========================================================
+  # MACHINE BIOS ROMs - Tandy
+  # ========================================================
+  - name: "Tandy 1000 BIOS"
+    path: "roms/tandy/tandy1t1.020"
+    required: false
+    note: "Tandy 1000 BIOS v01.020 (64 KB)."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:165-168"
+
+  - name: "Tandy 1000 HX BIOS"
+    path: "roms/tandy1000hx/v020000.u12"
+    required: false
+    note: "Tandy 1000 HX BIOS (128 KB)."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:172-176"
+
+  - name: "Tandy 1000 SL/2 BIOS low"
+    path: "roms/tandy1000sl2/8079047.hu1"
+    required: false
+    note: "Tandy 1000 SL/2 BIOS low chip. Paired with 8079048.hu2."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:180"
+
+  - name: "Tandy 1000 SL/2 BIOS high"
+    path: "roms/tandy1000sl2/8079048.hu2"
+    required: false
+    note: "Tandy 1000 SL/2 BIOS high chip. Paired with 8079047.hu1."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:181"
+
+  # ========================================================
+  # MACHINE BIOS ROMs - Amstrad / Sinclair
+  # ========================================================
+  - name: "Amstrad PC1512 BIOS low"
+    path: "roms/pc1512/40043.v1"
+    required: false
+    note: "Amstrad PC1512 BIOS low chip."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:121"
+
+  - name: "Amstrad PC1512 BIOS high"
+    path: "roms/pc1512/40044.v1"
+    required: false
+    note: "Amstrad PC1512 BIOS high chip."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:122"
+
+  - name: "Amstrad PC1512 font ROM"
+    path: "roms/pc1512/40078.ic127"
+    required: false
+    note: "Amstrad PC1512 character generator ROM."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:132"
+
+  - name: "Amstrad PC1640 BIOS low"
+    path: "roms/pc1640/40044.v3"
+    required: false
+    note: "Amstrad PC1640 BIOS low chip."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:135"
+
+  - name: "Amstrad PC1640 BIOS high"
+    path: "roms/pc1640/40043.v3"
+    required: false
+    note: "Amstrad PC1640 BIOS high chip."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:136"
+
+  - name: "Amstrad PC1640 video BIOS"
+    path: "roms/pc1640/40100"
+    required: false
+    note: "Amstrad PC1640 built-in EGA video BIOS. Also used by vid_pc1640 device."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:145, src/vid_pc1640.c:124"
+
+  - name: "Sinclair PC200 BIOS high"
+    path: "roms/pc200/pc20v2.1"
+    required: false
+    note: "Sinclair PC200 BIOS high chip."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:151"
+
+  - name: "Sinclair PC200 BIOS low"
+    path: "roms/pc200/pc20v2.0"
+    required: false
+    note: "Sinclair PC200 BIOS low chip."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:152"
+
+  - name: "Sinclair PC200 font ROM"
+    path: "roms/pc200/40109.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: "Sinclair PC200 character generator ROM."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:162"
+
+  - name: "Amstrad PC2086 BIOS low"
+    path: "roms/pc2086/40179.ic129"
+    required: false
+    note: "Amstrad PC2086 BIOS low chip."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:261"
+
+  - name: "Amstrad PC2086 BIOS high"
+    path: "roms/pc2086/40180.ic132"
+    required: false
+    note: "Amstrad PC2086 BIOS high chip."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:262"
+
+  - name: "Amstrad PC2086 video BIOS"
+    path: "roms/pc2086/40186.ic171"
+    required: false
+    note: "Amstrad PC2086 Paradise PVGA1A video BIOS."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:273, src/vid_paradise.c:329"
+
+  - name: "Amstrad PC3086 BIOS"
+    path: "roms/pc3086/fc00.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: "Amstrad PC3086 system BIOS (16 KB)."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:281"
+
+  - name: "Amstrad PC3086 video BIOS"
+    path: "roms/pc3086/c000.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: "Amstrad PC3086 Paradise PVGA1A video BIOS."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:285, src/vid_paradise.c:338"
+
+  # ========================================================
+  # MACHINE BIOS ROMs - Other XT clones
+  # ========================================================
+  - name: "Generic XT BIOS"
+    path: "roms/genxt/pcxt.rom"
+    required: false
+    note: "Generic XT clone BIOS (8 KB)."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:233-236"
+
+  - name: "DTK XT BIOS"
+    path: "roms/dtk/DTK_ERSO_2.42_2764.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: "DTK XT clone BIOS (8 KB)."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:240-243"
+
+  - name: "AMI XT BIOS"
+    path: "roms/amixt/AMI_8088_BIOS_31JAN89.BIN"
+    required: false
+    note: "AMI 8088 XT clone BIOS dated 31 Jan 1989 (8 KB)."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:539-542"
+
+  - name: "VTech Laser Turbo XT BIOS"
+    path: "roms/ltxt/27C64.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: "VTech Laser Turbo XT BIOS (8 KB)."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:547-550"
+
+  - name: "VTech Laser XT3 BIOS"
+    path: "roms/lxt3/27C64D.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: "VTech Laser XT3 BIOS (8 KB)."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:555-558"
+
+  - name: "Phoenix XT BIOS"
+    path: "roms/pxxt/000p001.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: "Phoenix XT clone BIOS (8 KB)."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:585-588"
+
+  - name: "Juko PC BIOS"
+    path: "roms/jukopc/000o001.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: "Juko XT clone BIOS (8 KB)."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:593-596"
+
+  - name: "Euro PC BIOS"
+    path: "roms/europc/50145"
+    required: false
+    note: "Schneider Euro PC BIOS (32 KB)."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:374-377"
+
+  - name: "Olivetti M24 BIOS low"
+    path: "roms/olivetti_m24/olivetti_m24_version_1.43_low.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: "Olivetti M24 BIOS low chip, version 1.43."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:247"
+
+  - name: "Olivetti M24 BIOS high"
+    path: "roms/olivetti_m24/olivetti_m24_version_1.43_high.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: "Olivetti M24 BIOS high chip, version 1.43."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:248"
+
+  # ========================================================
+  # MACHINE BIOS ROMs - 286 AT clones
+  # ========================================================
+  - name: "Commodore PC 30 III BIOS even"
+    path: "roms/cmdpc30/commodore pc 30 iii even.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: "Commodore PC 30 III BIOS even chip."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:312"
+
+  - name: "Commodore PC 30 III BIOS odd"
+    path: "roms/cmdpc30/commodore pc 30 iii odd.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: "Commodore PC 30 III BIOS odd chip."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:313"
+
+  - name: "AMI 286 BIOS"
+    path: "roms/ami286/amic206.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: "AMI 286 clone BIOS (64 KB)."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:365-368"
+
+  - name: "Dell System 200 BIOS low"
+    path: "roms/dells200/dell0.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: "Dell System 200 BIOS low chip."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:326"
+
+  - name: "Dell System 200 BIOS high"
+    path: "roms/dells200/dell1.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: "Dell System 200 BIOS high chip."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:327"
+
+  # ========================================================
+  # MACHINE BIOS ROMs - 386 machines
+  # ========================================================
+  - name: "Compaq Deskpro 386 BIOS U11"
+    path: "roms/deskpro386/109592-005.U11.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: "Compaq Deskpro 386 BIOS low chip."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:524"
+
+  - name: "Compaq Deskpro 386 BIOS U13"
+    path: "roms/deskpro386/109591-005.U13.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: "Compaq Deskpro 386 BIOS high chip."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:525"
+
+  - name: "Acer 386SX BIOS"
+    path: "roms/acer386/acer386.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: "Acer 386SX/25N BIOS (64 KB). Also requires oti067.bin video ROM."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:353-356"
+
+  - name: "Acer 386SX OTI-067 video BIOS"
+    path: "roms/acer386/oti067.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: "OTI-067 video BIOS for Acer 386SX (on-board video)."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:359, src/vid_oti067.c:184"
+
+  - name: "Phoenix 386 BIOS low"
+    path: "roms/px386/3iip001l.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: "Phoenix 386 clone BIOS low chip."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:563"
+
+  - name: "Phoenix 386 BIOS high"
+    path: "roms/px386/3iip001h.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: "Phoenix 386 clone BIOS high chip."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:564"
+
+  - name: "DTK 386 BIOS"
+    path: "roms/dtk386/3cto001.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: "DTK 386SX clone BIOS with NEAT chipset (64 KB)."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:577-580"
+
+  - name: "Amstrad MegaPC BIOS low"
+    path: "roms/megapc/41651-bios lo.u18"
+    required: false
+    note: "Amstrad MegaPC BIOS low chip."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:407"
+
+  - name: "Amstrad MegaPC BIOS high"
+    path: "roms/megapc/211253-bios hi.u19"
+    required: false
+    note: "Amstrad MegaPC BIOS high chip."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:408"
+
+  - name: "AMI 386 BIOS"
+    path: "roms/ami386/ami386.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: "AMI 386 clone BIOS with Headland/OPTi 82C495 chipset (64 KB)."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:345-348"
+
+  # ========================================================
+  # MACHINE BIOS ROMs - 486 machines
+  # ========================================================
+  - name: "AMI 486 BIOS"
+    path: "roms/ami486/ami486.BIN"
+    required: false
+    note: "AMI 486 clone BIOS with ALi M1429 chipset (64 KB)."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:422-425"
+
+  - name: "AMI WinBIOS 486"
+    path: "roms/win486/ALI1429G.AMW"
+    required: false
+    note: "AMI WinBIOS 486 with ALi M1429G chipset (64 KB)."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:431-434"
+
+  - name: "HOT-433 PCI 486 BIOS"
+    path: "roms/hot-433/hot-433.ami"
+    required: false
+    note: "HOT-433 PCI 486 BIOS with UMC UM8881F chipset (128 KB)."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:439-443"
+
+  - name: "DTK 486 BIOS"
+    path: "roms/dtk486/4siw005.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: "DTK PKM-0038S E-2 BIOS with SiS 85C471 chipset (64 KB)."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:601-604"
+
+  - name: "Award SiS 496 BIOS"
+    path: "roms/sis496/SIS496-1.AWA"
+    required: false
+    note: "Award BIOS for SiS 496/497 chipset (128 KB)."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:448-452"
+
+  - name: "Rise R418 BIOS"
+    path: "roms/r418/r418i.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: "Rise Computer R418 BIOS with SiS 496/497 chipset (128 KB)."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:608-612"
+
+  # ========================================================
+  # MACHINE BIOS ROMs - Pentium machines
+  # ========================================================
+  - name: "Intel Premiere/PCI (Batman) BIOS"
+    path: "roms/revenge/1009AF2_.BIO"
+    required: false
+    note: "Intel Premiere/PCI BIOS (430LX, code-name Batman). Main BIOS block."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:469-471"
+
+  - name: "Intel Premiere/PCI (Batman) BIOS ext"
+    path: "roms/revenge/1009AF2_.BI1"
+    required: false
+    note: "Intel Premiere/PCI BIOS extension block."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:474-478"
+
+  - name: "Intel Premiere/PCI II (Plato) BIOS"
+    path: "roms/plato/1016AX1_.BIO"
+    required: false
+    note: "Intel Premiere/PCI II BIOS (430NX). Main BIOS block."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:617-620"
+
+  - name: "Intel Premiere/PCI II (Plato) BIOS ext"
+    path: "roms/plato/1016AX1_.BI1"
+    required: false
+    note: "Intel Premiere/PCI II BIOS extension block."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:622-625"
+
+  - name: "Intel Advanced/EV (Endeavor) BIOS"
+    path: "roms/endeavor/1006CB0_.BIO"
+    required: false
+    note: "Intel Advanced/EV BIOS (430FX). Main BIOS block."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:483-485"
+
+  - name: "Intel Advanced/EV (Endeavor) BIOS ext"
+    path: "roms/endeavor/1006CB0_.BI1"
+    required: false
+    note: "Intel Advanced/EV BIOS extension block."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:488-491"
+
+  - name: "PC Partner MB500N BIOS"
+    path: "roms/mb500n/031396S.BIN"
+    required: false
+    note: "PC Partner MB500N BIOS (430FX, Award, 128 KB)."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:632-635"
+
+  - name: "ASUS P/I-P54TP4XE BIOS"
+    path: "roms/p54tp4xe/T15I0302.AWD"
+    required: false
+    note: "ASUS P/I-P54TP4XE BIOS (430FX, Award, 128 KB)."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:640-643"
+
+  - name: "Acer M3A BIOS"
+    path: "roms/acerm3a/r01-b3.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: "Acer M3A BIOS (430HX, 128 KB)."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:648-651"
+
+  - name: "Acer V35N BIOS"
+    path: "roms/acerv35n/V35ND1S1.BIN"
+    required: false
+    note: "Acer V35N BIOS (430HX, 128 KB)."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:656-659"
+
+  - name: "ASUS P/I-P55T2P4 BIOS"
+    path: "roms/p55t2p4/0207_J2.BIN"
+    required: false
+    note: "ASUS P/I-P55T2P4 BIOS (430HX, Award, 128 KB)."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:664-667"
+
+  - name: "Award 430VX BIOS"
+    path: "roms/430vx/55XWUQ0E.BIN"
+    required: false
+    note: "Award 430VX PCI BIOS (128 KB)."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:459-463"
+
+  - name: "Epox P55-VA BIOS"
+    path: "roms/p55va/VA021297.BIN"
+    required: false
+    note: "Epox P55-VA BIOS (430VX, Award, 128 KB)."
+    source_ref: "src/mem.c:672-675"
+
+  # ========================================================
+  # VIDEO CARD ROMs (selected via gfxcard option)
+  # ========================================================
+  - name: "IBM EGA BIOS"
+    path: "roms/ibm_6277356_ega_card_u44_27128.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: "IBM EGA card BIOS (32 KB)."
+    source_ref: "src/vid_ega.c:957, 1078"
+
+  - name: "Compaq EGA BIOS"
+    path: "roms/108281-001.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: "Compaq EGA card BIOS (32 KB)."
+    source_ref: "src/vid_ega.c:997, 1083"
+
+  - name: "Chips & Technologies SuperEGA BIOS"
+    path: "roms/lega.vbi"
+    required: false
+    note: "Chips & Technologies SuperEGA BIOS (32 KB)."
+    source_ref: "src/vid_ega.c:1041, 1088"
+
+  - name: "IBM VGA BIOS"
+    path: "roms/ibm_vga.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: "IBM VGA card BIOS. Also used by PS/1 VGA (same availability check)."
+    source_ref: "src/vid_vga.c:89, 127"
+
+  - name: "Compaq/Paradise VGA BIOS"
+    path: "roms/1988-05-18.rom"
+    required: false
+    note: "Compaq/Paradise PVGA1A VGA BIOS dated 1988-05-18."
+    source_ref: "src/vid_paradise.c:366, 373"
+
+  - name: "ATI VGA Edge-16 BIOS"
+    path: "roms/vgaedge16.vbi"
+    required: false
+    note: "ATI VGA Edge-16 (ATI-18800) video BIOS."
+    source_ref: "src/vid_ati18800.c:135, 155"
+
+  - name: "ATI VGA Charger BIOS"
+    path: "roms/bios.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: "ATI VGA Charger (ATI-28800) video BIOS."
+    source_ref: "src/vid_ati28800.c:160, 180"
+
+  - name: "OAK OTI-067 BIOS"
+    path: "roms/oti067/bios.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: "OAK OTI-067 standalone video BIOS."
+    source_ref: "src/vid_oti067.c:158, 194"
+
+  - name: "Trident TVGA8900D BIOS"
+    path: "roms/TRIDENT.BIN"
+    required: false
+    note: "Trident TVGA8900D video BIOS."
+    source_ref: "src/vid_tvga.c:292, 307"
+
+  - name: "Tseng ET4000AX BIOS"
+    path: "roms/et4000.BIN"
+    required: false
+    note: "Tseng ET4000AX video BIOS."
+    source_ref: "src/vid_et4000.c:153, 168"
+
+  - name: "Tseng ET4000/W32p BIOS"
+    path: "roms/et4000w32.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: "Diamond Stealth 32 (Tseng ET4000/W32p) video BIOS."
+    source_ref: "src/vid_et4000w32.c:1081, 1103"
+
+  - name: "S3 Vision864 BIOS"
+    path: "roms/bahamas64.BIN"
+    required: false
+    note: "Paradise Bahamas 64 (S3 Vision864) video BIOS."
+    source_ref: "src/vid_s3.c:2001, 2015"
+
+  - name: "S3 Trio64 BIOS (Number Nine 9FX)"
+    path: "roms/s3_764.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: "Number Nine 9FX (S3 764/Trio64) video BIOS."
+    source_ref: "src/vid_s3.c:2020, 2034"
+
+  - name: "S3 Trio32 BIOS (Phoenix)"
+    path: "roms/86C732P.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: "Phoenix S3 732/Trio32 video BIOS."
+    source_ref: "src/vid_s3.c:2039, 2055"
+
+  - name: "S3 Trio64 BIOS (Phoenix)"
+    path: "roms/86c764x1.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: "Phoenix S3 764/Trio64 video BIOS."
+    source_ref: "src/vid_s3.c:2060, 2076"
+
+  - name: "S3 ViRGE BIOS"
+    path: "roms/s3virge.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: "Diamond Stealth 3D 2000 (S3 ViRGE) video BIOS."
+    source_ref: "src/vid_s3_virge.c:3746, 3936"
+
+  - name: "S3 ViRGE/DX BIOS"
+    path: "roms/86c375_1.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: "S3 ViRGE/DX (86C375) video BIOS."
+    source_ref: "src/vid_s3_virge.c:3836, 3941"
+
+  - name: "ATI Mach64 GX BIOS"
+    path: "roms/mach64gx/bios.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: >
+      ATI Graphics Pro Turbo (Mach64 GX) video BIOS. Also used by the
+      Cirrus Logic CL-GD5429 init path (likely a copy/paste in the source).
+    source_ref: "src/vid_ati_mach64.c:2341, src/vid_cirrus.c:2324"
+
+  - name: "Cirrus Logic CL-GD5429 BIOS"
+    path: "roms/5429.vbi"
+    required: false
+    note: "Cirrus Logic CL-GD5429 video BIOS."
+    source_ref: "src/vid_cl5429.c:847, 872"
+
+  - name: "Trident TGUI9440 BIOS"
+    path: "roms/9440.vbi"
+    required: false
+    note: "Trident TGUI9440 video BIOS."
+    source_ref: "src/vid_tgui9440.c:495, 517"
+
+  - name: "Paradise WD90C11 BIOS"
+    path: "roms/megapc/41651-bios lo.u18"
+    required: false
+    note: >
+      Paradise WD90C11 video BIOS for MegaPC. Uses the MegaPC BIOS ROMs
+      (same files as the MegaPC machine BIOS).
+    source_ref: "src/vid_paradise.c:348-358"
+
+  - name: "nVidia RIVA 128 BIOS"
+    path: "roms/riva128.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: "nVidia RIVA 128 video BIOS (64 KB). Marked experimental."
+    source_ref: "src/vid_nv_riva128.c:1096, 1152"
+
+  - name: "nVidia RIVA TNT BIOS"
+    path: "roms/rivatnt.bin"
+    required: false
+    note: "nVidia RIVA TNT video BIOS (64 KB). Marked experimental."
+    source_ref: "src/vid_nv_rivatnt.c:1126, 1182"
+
+  # ========================================================
+  # SOUND CARD ROMs
+  # ========================================================
+  - name: "Sound Blaster AWE32 ROM"
+    path: "roms/awe32.raw"
+    required: false
+    note: >
+      Creative Sound Blaster AWE32 sample ROM for EMU8000 synth chip.
+      Required when SB AWE32 sound card is selected.
+    source_ref: "src/sound_emu8k.c:679, src/sound_sb.c:479"
+
+  # ========================================================
+  # NETWORK CARD ROMs
+  # ========================================================
+  - name: "Realtek RTL8029AS boot ROM"
+    path: "roms/rtl8029as.rom"
+    required: false
+    note: "Realtek RTL8029AS PCI Ethernet boot ROM (32 KB)."
+    source_ref: "src/ne2000.c:1694"
+
+  - name: "NE2000 boot ROM"
+    path: "roms/ne2000.rom"
+    required: false
+    note: "NE2000 ISA Ethernet boot ROM (64 KB)."
+    source_ref: "src/ne2000.c:1701"
+
+notes:
+  rom_structure: >
+    All ROM files are loaded relative to the RetroArch system directory.
+    Machine BIOS ROMs go in roms/<machine_name>/ subdirectories.
+    Video card ROMs go directly in roms/ (or roms/<card>/ for some).
+    Which ROMs are needed depends on the selected machine model and video card.
+  minimum_requirement: >
+    At minimum, the mda.rom font and one machine BIOS set are required.
+    The video card ROM for the selected GPU is also needed unless the machine
+    has built-in video (PCjr, Tandy, Amstrad, Acer 386SX, PS/1).
+  libretro_version: >
+    Based on PCem v10.1. The libretro port is quite old and may not match
+    current standalone PCem/86Box ROM paths.