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feat: detect handheld systems by their own files

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AmberELEC, EmuELEC, JELOS, KOLOS, UnofficialOS, ArchR, PAN4ELEC, dArkOS,
RetroOZ, spruceOS, CrossMix-OS, Onion, Allium, Koriki, MiyooCFW and plumOS
are found by what their builds write, named as they name themselves, and
installed to the system_directory of their RetroArch config, which follows
ArkOS and dArkOS to a second card. TrimUI stock, MinUI and a plumOS build
without a known folder are named and not installed to. Two unrelated
systems matching stop a run without a terminal.
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Abdessamad Derraz committed 2026-10-22 03:29:41 +02:00
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wiki/installer.md
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@@ -283,21 +283,56 @@ Files the list does not name are never read, moved or deleted.
## Platform detection
Detection reads what the platform itself writes, never a guess from a directory
name. The embedded systems are tested in the order below and the first match
wins, since a machine is only one of them.
Detection reads what the system itself writes, never a guess from a directory
name. A machine runs one embedded system, so every rule below is tested. A
system built on another one (KOLOS on JELOS, dArkOS on ArkOS, spruceOS on a
TrimUI) matches both and is the one meant. Two unrelated systems matching
are both named: at a terminal the run asks which one, otherwise it stops and
asks for `--dest`. The run names the system as it names itself, with the file
list it gets: `Found AmberELEC at /storage/roms/bios (RetroArch files)`.
`--list-platforms` lists every system below.
| Evidence | Platform | BIOS directory |
|----------|----------|----------------|
| `/etc/os-release` `OS_NAME=ROCKNIX` (or `ID=rocknix` on images before 2025) | ROCKNIX | `/storage/roms/bios` |
| `/etc/os-release` `OS_NAME=knulli` or `/usr/share/knulli/knulli.version` | Batocera (Knulli) | `/userdata/bios` |
| `/etc/os-release` `ID=lakka` | Lakka | `/storage/system` |
| `/usr/share/batocera/batocera.version` | Batocera | `/userdata/bios` |
| `/recalbox/recalbox.version` or `/usr/bin/recalbox-settings` | Recalbox | `/recalbox/share/bios` |
| `/opt/muos` | RetroArch (muOS) | `system_directory` of `/opt/muos/share/info/config/retroarch.cfg`, else of the default it is copied from: `/run/muos/storage/bios`, which muOS binds to `MUOS/bios` on the second card when that card holds one, else the first. Cores are read from that config's `libretro_directory` (`/opt/muos/share/core`) |
| `/mnt/mmc/MUOS/` | RetroArch | `/mnt/mmc/MUOS/bios` |
| `/home/ark` and `/opt/system` | RetroArch | `/roms/bios` |
| `/mnt/vendor/bin/dmenu.bin` | RetroArch | `/mnt/mmc/bios` |
Where a system's RetroArch config is named, its `system_directory` is the
folder, `~` being that system's home for RetroArch. The folder in the last
column is used when no config sets one. ArkOS and dArkOS keep two configs
(64-bit and 32-bit RetroArch), and their "Switch to SD2 for Roms" script
rewrites both to `/roms2/bios`: a second card is followed through them.
| Evidence | System | File list | BIOS directory |
|----------|--------|-----------|----------------|
| `/etc/os-release` `OS_NAME=ROCKNIX` (or `ID=rocknix` on images before 2025) | ROCKNIX | ROCKNIX | `/storage/roms/bios` |
| `/etc/os-release` `OS_NAME=knulli` or `/usr/share/knulli/knulli.version` | KNULLI | Batocera | `/userdata/bios` |
| `/etc/os-release` `ID=lakka` | Lakka | Lakka | `/storage/system` |
| `/usr/share/batocera/batocera.version` | Batocera | Batocera | `/userdata/bios` |
| `/recalbox/recalbox.version` or `/usr/bin/recalbox-settings` | Recalbox | Recalbox | `/recalbox/share/bios` |
| `/opt/muos` | muOS | RetroArch | `system_directory` of `/opt/muos/share/info/config/retroarch.cfg`, else of the default it is copied from: `/run/muos/storage/bios`, which muOS binds to `MUOS/bios` on the second card when that card holds one, else the first. Cores are read from that config's `libretro_directory` (`/opt/muos/share/core`) |
| `/mnt/mmc/MUOS/` | muOS | RetroArch | `/mnt/mmc/MUOS/bios` |
| `/etc/os-release` `NAME=AmberELEC` (CHAos writes the same) | AmberELEC | RetroArch | `/storage/.config/retroarch/retroarch.cfg`, else `/storage/roms/bios` |
| `/usr/bin/batocera-info` naming PAN4ELEC, on AmberELEC | PAN4ELEC | RetroArch | as AmberELEC |
| `/etc/os-release` `NAME=EmuELEC` | EmuELEC | RetroArch | as AmberELEC |
| `/etc/os-release` `OS_NAME=JELOS` | JELOS | RetroArch | as AmberELEC |
| `/usr/lib/systemd/system/jelos-ready.service`, on JELOS | KOLOS | RetroArch | as AmberELEC |
| `/etc/os-release` `OS_NAME=UnofficialOS` | UnofficialOS | RetroArch | as AmberELEC |
| `/etc/os-release` `OS_NAME=ArchR` | ArchR | RetroArch | as AmberELEC |
| `/home/ark` and `/opt/system`, or `title=ArkOS` in `/usr/share/plymouth/themes/text.plymouth` | ArkOS | RetroArch | `/home/ark/.config/retroarch/retroarch.cfg` then `retroarch32/retroarch.cfg`, else `/roms/bios` |
| `title=dArkOS` in the same file (the dArkOSRE, dArkOSen and ArkOS4Clone images keep it) | dArkOS | RetroArch | as ArkOS |
| `title=RetroOZ` in the same file, `/opt/.retrooz` or `/etc/retrooz_version` | RetroOZ | RetroArch | `/home/odroid/.config/retroarch/retroarch.cfg` then `retroarch32/retroarch.cfg`, else `/roms/bios` |
| `/mnt/SDCARD/spruce` | spruceOS | RetroArch | `/mnt/SDCARD/Saves/ra-configs/retroarch-*.cfg`, else `/mnt/SDCARD/BIOS` |
| `/mnt/SDCARD/System/usr/trimui/crossmix-version.txt` | CrossMix-OS | RetroArch | `/mnt/SDCARD/RetroArch/retroarch.cfg`, else `/mnt/SDCARD/BIOS` |
| `/mnt/SDCARD/.tmp_update/onionVersion/version.txt` | Onion | RetroArch | `/mnt/SDCARD/RetroArch/.retroarch/retroarch.cfg`, else `/mnt/SDCARD/BIOS` |
| `/mnt/SDCARD/.allium` | Allium | RetroArch | as Onion |
| `/mnt/SDCARD/Koriki/version.txt` | Koriki | RetroArch | as Onion |
| `/etc/main` and `/usr/bin/miyooctl` | MiyooCFW | RetroArch | `/mnt/.retroarch/retroarch.cfg`, else `/mnt/.retroarch/system` |
| `/mnt/plumos-user` | plumOS | RetroArch | `/mnt/plumos-user/bios`, which its launcher appends to every RetroArch run |
| `/etc/os-release` `ID=plumos` without the folder above | plumOS | none | its builds choose a folder per launch: named, not installed to |
| `/usr/trimui` | TrimUI | none | no published source names the stock firmware's folder: named, not installed to |
| `/mnt/SDCARD/.system/res` or `/mnt/sdcard/.system/res` | MinUI | none | MinUI, MyMinUI and NextUI give each core its own `Bios/<tag>/`, a layout not written yet: named, not installed to |
| `/mnt/vendor/bin/dmenu.bin` | Anbernic stock firmware | RetroArch | `/mnt/mmc/bios` |
AmberELEC, EmuELEC and KNULLI get the file list of the platform whose cores
they ship until a list of their own is published. TheRA is not detected: no
image or source of its Odroid Go builds is published, so neither its marker
files nor its folder could be read.
Batocera, Recalbox, ROCKNIX and Lakka also name the board they were built for, and
that board narrows the install unless `--target` or `--every-board` says