emulator: EightyOne
type: standalone + libretro
source: "https://github.com/libretro/81-libretro"
upstream: "https://github.com/charlierobson/EightyOne"
profiled_date: "2026-03-18"
core_version: "1.0a"
display_name: "Sinclair - ZX 81 (EightyOne)"
cores: [81]
systems:
  - sinclair-zx81
  - sinclair-zx80
  - jupiter-ace
  - timex-ts1500
  - timex-ts2068
  - lambda-8300
  - ringo-r470
  - microdigital-tk85

notes: |
  Libretro port embeds zx81.rom and dkchr.rom as C arrays (xxd -i).
  Core never accesses filesystem for ROMs. Hardcodes MACHINEZX81.
  ref: 81-libretro/81/zx81/snap.c:37-38, 487-508

  Original EightyOne supports 15+ machines, loads ROMs from ROM/ directory.
  ref: EightyOne/Source/zx81/snap.cpp:1219-1279 — open(cwd/ROM/filename)
  ref: EightyOne/Source/HW_.cpp:2734 — LoadRomBox() per-machine ROM list

  No platform currently requires these files (libretro core embeds them).
  Archived for museum preservation and future standalone platform use.

files:
  # --- libretro core: embedded, no external files needed ---
  # mode: standalone = needed only for standalone emulator
  # mode: libretro = needed only for libretro core
  # mode: both = needed in both modes (default if absent)

  # ZX81 (default machine for libretro port)
  - name: zx81.rom
    system: sinclair-zx81
    required: true
    mode: standalone
    size: 8192
    md5: db398d4e4e93a6d4dee3bfe146918219
    note: "ZX81 8K BASIC ROM (edition 3). Embedded in libretro core."
    source_ref: "81-libretro/81/zx81/snap.c:489, EightyOne/Source/HW_.cpp:2744"
  - name: zx81.edition1.rom
    system: sinclair-zx81
    required: false
    mode: standalone
    size: 8192
    md5: 56efa70bbaf311915c56cfdc70584e96
    note: "ZX81 ROM edition 1"
    source_ref: "EightyOne/Source/HW_.cpp:2742"
  - name: zx81.edition2.rom
    system: sinclair-zx81
    required: false
    mode: standalone
    size: 8192
    md5: b9fd58d324b6297f2a696d40722f95dc
    note: "ZX81 ROM edition 2"
    source_ref: "EightyOne/Source/HW_.cpp:2743"
  - name: dkchr.rom
    system: sinclair-zx81
    required: false
    mode: standalone
    size: 4096
    md5: ""
    note: "dK'tronics character ROM. Embedded in libretro core."
    source_ref: "81-libretro/81/zx81/snap.c:499"

  # ZX80
  - name: zx80.rom
    system: sinclair-zx80
    required: true
    mode: standalone
    size: 4096
    md5: e03bd725f98be45aac39c85f7fd41ce4
    note: "ZX80 4K ROM"
    source_ref: "EightyOne/Source/HW_.cpp:2737"

  # ZX97LE
  - name: zx97.rom
    system: sinclair-zx81
    required: false
    mode: standalone
    size: 32768
    md5: cc69fdd6195acdfd1e533b2eb4c2a632
    note: "ZX97LE 32K ROM"
    source_ref: "EightyOne/Source/HW_.cpp:2789"

  # Jupiter ACE
  - name: jupiterace.rom
    system: jupiter-ace
    required: true
    mode: standalone
    size: 8192
    md5: db6efdfd82cebdfbb493d85b1a5efc3c
    note: "Jupiter ACE Forth ROM"
    source_ref: "EightyOne/Source/HW_.cpp:2753"

  # Timex TS1500
  - name: ts1500.rom
    system: timex-ts1500
    required: true
    mode: standalone
    size: 8192
    md5: dea07eb23c5768ddf3ed90740eab85cb
    source_ref: "EightyOne/Source/HW_.cpp:2757"

  # Timex TS2068
  - name: ts2068.rom
    system: timex-ts2068
    required: true
    mode: standalone
    size: 24576
    md5: 9194283503a105f3f3dfba13e61e993f
    source_ref: "EightyOne/Source/ROMs/ts2068.rom"

  # Lambda 8300
  - name: lambda8300.rom
    system: lambda-8300
    required: true
    mode: standalone
    size: 8192
    md5: e232dfce1dcae65953583f66af146232
    source_ref: "EightyOne/Source/HW_.cpp:2773"
  - name: lambda8300colour.rom
    system: lambda-8300
    required: false
    mode: standalone
    size: 8192
    md5: 03aeea3abc7b1ca5f241935477ce71be
    source_ref: "EightyOne/Source/ROMs/lambda8300colour.rom"

  # Ringo R470
  - name: ringo470.rom
    system: ringo-r470
    required: true
    mode: standalone
    size: 8192
    md5: a70bbb0dfe4bb8556e74258062766f5d
    source_ref: "EightyOne/Source/HW_.cpp:2769"

  # Microdigital TK85
  - name: tk85.rom
    system: microdigital-tk85
    required: true
    mode: standalone
    size: 10240
    md5: b301cdad72448d92598197b45bead8fe
    source_ref: "EightyOne/Source/HW_.cpp:2777"

  # Timex TC2048
  - name: tc2048.rom
    system: sinclair-zx81
    required: false
    mode: standalone
    size: 16384
    md5: 9dd7ecf784a6c04265c073c236f5fadb
    source_ref: "EightyOne/Source/ROMs/tc2048.rom"

  # ZX Spectrum variants (standalone mode, multiple localizations)
  - name: spectrum48.rom
    system: sinclair-zx81
    required: false
    mode: standalone
    size: 16384
    md5: 4c42a2f075212361c3117015b107ff68
    note: "Spectrum 48K"
    source_ref: "EightyOne/Source/HW_.cpp:2802"
  - name: spectrum48.spanish.rom
    system: sinclair-zx81
    required: false
    mode: standalone
    size: 16384
    md5: 60e1bd8b4d59b55e5b2175126239517f
  - name: spectrum48.arabic.rom
    system: sinclair-zx81
    required: false
    mode: standalone
    size: 16384
    md5: 9f6f56003307b9d55be96f406fdbf2b1
  - name: spectrum48.arabic.version1.rom
    system: sinclair-zx81
    required: false
    mode: standalone
    size: 16384
    md5: a6a1e3a68bb5523997103c3925a46fe4
  - name: spectrum48.arabic.version2.rom
    system: sinclair-zx81
    required: false
    mode: standalone
    size: 16384
    md5: fac3d08455328c34f0d06344d89cec0e
  - name: spectrum48.nordic.rom
    system: sinclair-zx81
    required: false
    mode: standalone
    size: 16384
    md5: f058f27ae61af225fe5baacc1d89adfc
  - name: spectrum128.rom
    system: sinclair-zx81
    required: false
    mode: standalone
    size: 32768
    md5: 85fede415f4294cc777517d7eada482e
    note: "Spectrum 128K"
  - name: spectrum128.spanish.rom
    system: sinclair-zx81
    required: false
    mode: standalone
    size: 32768
    md5: 84aef735da122d55e41a33455c7c3506
  - name: spectrum+2.rom
    system: sinclair-zx81
    required: false
    mode: standalone
    size: 32768
    md5: 238f77692156a5c49d20c0aa2862e8bb
    note: "Spectrum +2"
  - name: spectrum+2.french.rom
    system: sinclair-zx81
    required: false
    mode: standalone
    size: 32768
    md5: 1fff14aeca8e1dd3670142982cc6bb36
  - name: spectrum+2.spanish.rom
    system: sinclair-zx81
    required: false
    mode: standalone
    size: 32768
    md5: 43cf648e27efc9be8186bb7049505d79
  - name: spectrum+3.version4-0.rom
    system: sinclair-zx81
    required: false
    mode: standalone
    size: 65536
    md5: 05de80a055b5e7866f55769db0584d6e
    note: "Spectrum +3"
  - name: spectrum+3.version4-0.spanish.rom
    system: sinclair-zx81
    required: false
    mode: standalone
    size: 65536
    md5: 990dfe9d37b48595f5befe0e4ff4b7c6
  - name: spectrum+3.version4-1.rom
    system: sinclair-zx81
    required: false
    mode: standalone
    size: 65536
    md5: 7e00ed3562abfd188d0d4da03e80bc0a
  - name: spectrum+3.version4-1.spanish.rom
    system: sinclair-zx81
    required: false
    mode: standalone
    size: 65536
    md5: 52d130178c1106fef765b5f119fb43bc
  - name: spectrum+3.arabic3-a.english4-0.rom
    system: sinclair-zx81
    required: false
    mode: standalone
    size: 131072
    md5: 30316fa0ed7ee6682933960e11b48d60
  - name: tk90.rom
    system: sinclair-zx81
    required: false
    mode: standalone
    size: 16384
    md5: b7893ad25728fbf6410f08eddd4a1cad
    note: "Microdigital TK90X"
  - name: tk95.rom
    system: sinclair-zx81
    required: false
    mode: standalone
    size: 16384
    md5: b7893ad25728fbf6410f08eddd4a1cad
    note: "Microdigital TK95"