emulator: ares
type: standalone
source: "https://github.com/ares-emulator/ares"
upstream: "https://github.com/ares-emulator/ares"
profiled_date: "2026-11-09"
source_commit: "dd737665221a6f58c6c4d2547d2f38b0abe3aef0"
core_version: "v148-166-gdd73766"
version_basis:
  kind: tag
  match: "v[0-9]*"
  tag: "v148"
  distance: 166
display_name: "ares"
cores: [ares, "ares-sa"]
mode: standalone
found_by: content
systems:
  - arcade
  - atari-2600
  - atari-5200
  - colecovision
  - myvision
  - nintendo-nes
  - nintendo-fds
  - nintendo-gb
  - nintendo-gbc
  - nintendo-gba
  - master-system
  - game-gear
  - sg-1000
  - sc-3000
  - mega-drive
  - sega-32x
  - mega-cd
  - mega-cd-32x
  - mega-ld
  - laseractive
  - msx
  - msx2
  - neo-geo
  - snk-ngp
  - snk-ngpc
  - nintendo-64
  - nintendo-64dd
  - pc-engine
  - pc-engine-cd
  - pc-engine-ld
  - supergrafx
  - supergrafx-cd
  - sony-playstation
  - saturn
  - nintendo-snes
  - bandai-wswan
  - bandai-wswanc
  - pocket-challenge-v2
  - zx-spectrum
  - zx-spectrum-128

config_reads:
  - file: "settings.bml"
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/desktop-ui.cpp:9-35, 100-103, 114, desktop-ui/settings/settings.cpp:31-42, 263-286, nall/nall/path.cpp:123-142"
    keys:
      - key: "ColecoVision/Firmware/BIOS.World"
        source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/colecovision.cpp:10-12, 42-50, mia/system/colecovision.cpp:7-9"
      - key: "MSX/Firmware/BIOS.Japan"
        source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/msx.cpp:16-19, 44-53"
      - key: "FamicomDiskSystem/Firmware/BIOS.Japan"
        source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/famicom-disk-system.cpp:17-19, 89-97"
      - key:
          - "Nintendo64DD/Firmware/BIOS.Japan"
          - "Nintendo64DD/Firmware/BIOS.US"
          - "Nintendo64DD/Firmware/BIOS.DEV"
        source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/nintendo-64dd.cpp:15-19, 59-73"
        condition: "the game's region"
      - key: "GameBoyAdvance/Firmware/BIOS.World"
        source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/game-boy-advance.cpp:12-14, 55-63"
      - key:
          - "MasterSystem/Firmware/BIOS.US"
          - "MasterSystem/Firmware/BIOS.Japan"
          - "MasterSystem/Firmware/BIOS.Europe"
        source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/master-system.cpp:12-16, 93-107"
        condition: "the game's region"
      - key: "GameGear/Firmware/BIOS.World"
        source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/game-gear.cpp:10-12, 30-40"
      - key:
          - "MegaCD/Firmware/BIOS.US"
          - "MegaCD/Firmware/BIOS.Japan"
          - "MegaCD/Firmware/BIOS.Europe"
        source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/mega-cd.cpp:15-19, 63-77"
        condition: "the disc's region"
      - key: "NeoGeoPocket/Firmware/BIOS.World"
        source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/neo-geo-pocket.cpp:10-12, 32-40"
      - key: "NeoGeoPocketColor/Firmware/BIOS.World"
        source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/neo-geo-pocket-color.cpp:10-12, 32-40"
      - key:
          - "PlayStation/Firmware/BIOS.US"
          - "PlayStation/Firmware/BIOS.Japan"
          - "PlayStation/Firmware/BIOS.Europe"
        source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/playstation.cpp:19-23, 87-101"
        condition: "the disc's region"
  - file: "settings.bml"
    platforms: [emudeck]
    revision: "0aafd85789215e84e1e43415c07d4c88461b7899"
    revision_from: "v148, the tarball the Flathub manifest dev.ares.ares builds at 1259ea09 (EmuDeck installs the Flathub app)"
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/desktop-ui.cpp:9-35, 100-103, 114, desktop-ui/settings/settings.cpp:31-35, 42, 223-235, nall/nall/path.cpp:123-142"
    keys:
      - key: "ColecoVision/Firmware/BIOS.World"
        source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/colecovision.cpp:10-12, 42-50, mia/system/colecovision.cpp:7-9"
      - key: "MSX/Firmware/BIOS.Japan"
        source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/msx.cpp:16-19, 44-53"
      - key: "FamicomDiskSystem/Firmware/BIOS.Japan"
        source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/famicom-disk-system.cpp:17-19, 89-97"
      - key:
          - "Nintendo64DD/Firmware/BIOS.Japan"
          - "Nintendo64DD/Firmware/BIOS.US"
          - "Nintendo64DD/Firmware/BIOS.DEV"
        source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/nintendo-64dd.cpp:17-19, 59-79"
        condition: "the game's region"
      - key: "GameBoyAdvance/Firmware/BIOS.World"
        source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/game-boy-advance.cpp:12-14, 55-63"
      - key:
          - "MasterSystem/Firmware/BIOS.US"
          - "MasterSystem/Firmware/BIOS.Japan"
          - "MasterSystem/Firmware/BIOS.Europe"
        source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/master-system.cpp:12-16, 93-107"
        condition: "the game's region"
      - key: "GameGear/Firmware/BIOS.World"
        source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/game-gear.cpp:10-12, 30-40"
      - key:
          - "MegaCD/Firmware/BIOS.US"
          - "MegaCD/Firmware/BIOS.Japan"
          - "MegaCD/Firmware/BIOS.Europe"
        source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/mega-cd.cpp:17-19, 63-83"
        condition: "the disc's region"
      - key: "NeoGeoAES/Firmware/BIOS.World"
        source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/neo-geo-aes.cpp:14, 37-51, mia/system/neo-geo-aes.cpp:8-34"
        condition: "a .zip path is searched for neo-epo.bin, any other path is read whole"
      - key: "NeoGeoPocket/Firmware/BIOS.World"
        source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/neo-geo-pocket.cpp:10-12, 32-40"
      - key: "NeoGeoPocketColor/Firmware/BIOS.World"
        source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/neo-geo-pocket-color.cpp:10-12, 32-40"
      - key:
          - "PlayStation/Firmware/BIOS.US"
          - "PlayStation/Firmware/BIOS.Japan"
          - "PlayStation/Firmware/BIOS.Europe"
        source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/playstation.cpp:18-20, 78-98"
        condition: "the disc's region"

notes: |
  Multi-system emulator by Near (byuu), successor to higan/bsnes. Focuses on
  accuracy and preservation. 40 emulators registered at this pin
  (desktop-ui/emulator/emulators.cpp).

  Firmware identification uses SHA256 hashes. Filenames are user-defined: ares
  scans a configured directory and matches by hash.
  ref: desktop-ui/settings/firmware.cpp:116-136

  Firmware path resolution: settings.paths.firmware (user override) or
  {userData}/ares/Firmware/ (default). Per-system firmware assigned in
  Settings > Firmware dialog or via scan-by-hash.
  ref: desktop-ui/settings/settings.hpp:89-101, desktop-ui/desktop-ui.cpp:68-75

  Systems with fully embedded firmware (no user files needed):
  Game Boy (boot.rom), Game Boy Color (boot.rom), Mega Drive (TMSS),
  Sega 32X (TMSS + vector + SH2 boot M/S), Nintendo 64 (PIF NTSC/PAL/SM5 +
  CIC 6101/6102/6105/7101), Super Famicom (IPL + all coprocessor firmware:
  DSP1-4, CX4, ST010, ST011, ST018, SGB1/2 boot ROMs), WonderSwan (boot.rom),
  WonderSwan Color (boot.rom), Pocket Challenge V2 (boot.rom),
  ZX Spectrum (BIOS), ZX Spectrum 128 (BIOS + sub ROM).
  ref: mia/resource/resource.bml, mia/Firmware/

  SFC coprocessor firmware auto-injected if missing from ROM image.
  ref: mia/medium/super-famicom.cpp:42-62

  Neo Geo BIOS is not a firmware slot. Neo Geo AES reads aes.zip and the
  Arcade emulator, which runs the Neo Geo MVS games, reads neogeo.zip, both
  beside the game: in the game's folder, or its parent when that folder is
  named neogeo, then in a neogeo/ subfolder of it. A missing archive or
  member stops the load with the member and the path it tried. The member is
  the BIOS chosen in Settings > Cores, neo-po.bin for the AES and
  vs-bios.rom for the MVS by default, among the bios entries the aes and
  neogeo sets carry in Database/Arcade.bml. It is byte-swapped on load and no
  hash is checked.
  ref: desktop-ui/emulator/emulator.cpp:86-94,
       desktop-ui/emulator/neo-geo-aes.cpp:43-49,
       desktop-ui/emulator/arcade.cpp:456-464,
       desktop-ui/settings/settings.hpp:142-146,
       desktop-ui/settings/cores.cpp:170-204,
       mia/system/neo-geo-aes.cpp:12-32, mia/system/neo-geo-mvs.cpp:12-32

  SFC base cartridges (Super Game Boy, Satellaview BS-X, Sufami Turbo) are
  games, not firmware: the file opened as the Super Famicom game is the base
  cartridge, and the cartridge it describes then asks for the Game Boy, BS
  Memory or Sufami Turbo medium through its slot. Each medium comes from the
  load queue, then the command line, then a file dialog, so ares names none of
  these files. mia identifies the base cartridge by the SHA-256 of its ROM in
  the Super Famicom database, else by its header: the BANDAI SFC-ADX
  signature makes a Sufami Turbo board, serial ZBSJ a BS-X board, serial 042J
  or cartridge type 0xE3 a Super Game Boy board.
  ref: desktop-ui/emulator/super-famicom.cpp:158-217,
       desktop-ui/emulator/emulator.cpp:216-247,
       mia/medium/super-famicom.cpp:88-95, mia/medium/super-famicom.cpp:570-602

  Systems with no firmware: Arcade (Neo Geo MVS games aside), Atari 2600,
  Famicom, MyVision, PC Engine, SuperGrafx, SG-1000, SC-3000.

files:
  # --- Atari 5200 ---
  - name: 5200.rom
    system: atari-5200
    required: true
    size: 2048
    sha256: "06b250f18983d058c0f156ce7ee88ae48b6eaf11e6f10f21dccf6ac7ffb6a6af"
    validation: [size, sha256]
    description: "Atari 5200 BIOS (NTSC-U four-port)"
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/atari-5200.cpp:12-16, desktop-ui/emulator/atari-5200.cpp:82-88, mia/system/atari-5200.cpp:7-10"

  # --- ColecoVision ---
  - name: colecovision.rom
    system: colecovision
    required: true
    sha256: "990bf1956f10207d8781b619eb74f89b00d921c8d45c95c334c16c8cceca09ad"
    validation: [sha256]
    description: "ColecoVision BIOS"
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/colecovision.cpp:12"

  # --- Famicom Disk System ---
  - name: rp2c33-01.bin
    system: nintendo-fds
    required: true
    sha256: "fdc1a76e654feea993fcb38366e05ee5f4eb641f86fe6bebaeefd412e112dd72"
    validation: [sha256]
    description: "Famicom Disk System BIOS, RP2C33-01 revision"
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/famicom-disk-system.cpp:19"

  # --- Game Boy Advance ---
  - name: gba_bios.bin
    system: nintendo-gba
    required: true
    sha256: "fd2547724b505f487e6dcb29ec2ecff3af35a841a77ab2e85fd87350abd36570"
    validation: [sha256]
    description: "GBA BIOS"
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/game-boy-advance.cpp:14"

  # --- Game Gear ---
  - name: bios.gg
    system: game-gear
    required: false
    sha256: "8c8a21335038285cfa03dc076100c1f0bfadf3e4ff70796f11f3dfaaab60eee2"
    validation: [sha256]
    description: "Game Gear BIOS"
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/game-gear.cpp:12, mia/system/game-gear.cpp:8 (//optional)"

  # --- Master System ---
  - name: bios_U.sms
    system: master-system
    required: false
    sha256: "477617917a12a30f9f43844909dc2de6e6a617430f5c9a36306c86414a670d50"
    validation: [sha256]
    description: "Master System BIOS (US)"
    note: "Picked for NTSC-U, which the code gives every export cart outside its PAL list through the Boot/Prefer setting. The header does not tell US from Europe (mia/medium/master-system.cpp:54-63, desktop-ui/emulator/emulator.cpp:97-117)."
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/master-system.cpp:14, mia/system/master-system.cpp:8 (//optional)"

  - name: bios_J.sms
    system: master-system
    region: [japan, south-korea]
    required: false
    sha256: "67846e26764bd862f19179294347f7353a4166b62ac4198a5ec32933b7da486e"
    validation: [sha256]
    description: "Master System BIOS (Japan)"
    note: "Picked for NTSC-J, set when the header lacks the export region code 4 and for a hash list of Japanese and Korean carts (mia/medium/master-system.cpp:62-63, 285-464, 493-512)."
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/master-system.cpp:15"

  - name: bios_E.sms
    system: master-system
    required: false
    sha256: "477617917a12a30f9f43844909dc2de6e6a617430f5c9a36306c86414a670d50"
    validation: [sha256]
    description: "Master System BIOS (Europe), same binary as US"
    note: "Picked for PAL, set by a hash list that also holds Korean and Australian releases or by the Boot/Prefer setting (mia/medium/master-system.cpp:54-275, desktop-ui/emulator/emulator.cpp:97-117)."
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/master-system.cpp:16"

  # --- Mega CD ---
  # Also used by Mega CD 32X (desktop-ui/emulator/mega-cd-32x.cpp)
  - name: SegaCDBIOS9303.bin
    system: mega-cd
    region: [north-america, latin-america]
    required: true
    sha256: "fb477cdbf94c84424c2feca4fe40656d85393fe7b7b401911b45ad2eb991258c"
    md5: "310a9081d2edf2d316ab38813136725e"
    validation: [sha256]
    description: "Mega CD / Sega CD BIOS (US)"
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/mega-cd.cpp:17"

  - name: jp_mcd2_921222.bin
    system: mega-cd
    region: [japan]
    required: true
    sha256: "7133fc2dd2fe5b7d0acd53a5f10f3d00b5d31270239ad20d74ef32393e24af88"
    md5: "683a8a9e273662561172468dfa2858eb"
    validation: [sha256]
    description: "Mega CD BIOS (Japan)"
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/mega-cd.cpp:18"

  - name: eu_mcd2_9303.bin
    system: mega-cd
    region: [europe, oceania]
    required: true
    sha256: "fe608a2a07676a23ab5fd5eee2f53c9e2526d69a28aa16ccd85c0ec42e6933cb"
    md5: "9b562ebf2d095bf1dabadbc1881f519a"
    validation: [sha256]
    description: "Mega CD BIOS (Europe)"
    note: "Picked for PAL, set when the boot code matches the EU security block. The code has no other PAL branch for Australian discs (mia/medium/mega-cd.cpp:47-56, desktop-ui/emulator/mega-cd.cpp:70-74)."
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/mega-cd.cpp:19"

  # --- Mega LD (LaserActive SEGA PAC) ---
  - name: mega_ld_bios_U.bin
    system: mega-ld
    region: [north-america]
    required: true
    sha256: "e89b5a319f66406611ec82fe5c4aa6827c175a05135bd7bd177366cba0465021"
    validation: [sha256]
    description: "LaserActive SEGA PAC BIOS (US), v1.04"
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/mega-ld.cpp:16"

  - name: mega_ld_bios_J.bin
    system: mega-ld
    region: [japan]
    required: true
    sha256: "dca942d977217f703d8d1c6eb1aeb6b32c78ecc421486bbb46c459d385161c94"
    validation: [sha256]
    description: "LaserActive SEGA PAC BIOS (Japan), v1.02"
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/mega-ld.cpp:17"

  # --- MSX ---
  - name: msx-japanese.rom
    system: msx
    required: true
    sha256: "413a2b601a94b3792e054be2439cc77a1819cceadbfa9542f88d51c7480f2ef0"
    validation: [sha256]
    description: "MSX BIOS ROM (Japan)"
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/msx.cpp:19"

  # --- MSX2 ---
  - name: MSX2J.rom
    system: msx2
    required: true
    sha256: "0c672d86ead61a97f49a583b88b7c1905da120645cd44f0c9f2baf4f4631e0b1"
    validation: [sha256]
    description: "MSX2 main BIOS ROM (Japan)"
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/msx2.cpp:15"

  - name: MSX2EXT.ROM
    system: msx2
    required: true
    sha256: "6c6f421a10c428d960b7ecc990f99af1c638147f747bddca7b0bf0e2ab738300"
    validation: [sha256]
    description: "MSX2 sub ROM (Japan)"
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/msx2.cpp:16"

  # --- Neo Geo AES ---
  - name: aes.zip
    system: neo-geo
    required: true
    found_by: name
    load_from: content_dir
    category: bios_zip
    description: "Neo Geo AES BIOS set"
    contents:
      - name: neo-po.bin
        description: "Japan AES, the default BIOS choice"
    note: >-
      Read beside the AES game, or in a neogeo/ subfolder of the game's
      folder. Only the member chosen in Settings > Cores is extracted,
      neo-po.bin by default, and byte-swapped. A missing archive or member
      stops the load.
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/emulator.cpp:86-94, desktop-ui/emulator/neo-geo-aes.cpp:43-49, desktop-ui/settings/settings.hpp:143, mia/system/neo-geo-aes.cpp:12-32"

  # --- Neo Geo MVS ---
  - name: neogeo.zip
    system: neo-geo
    required: true
    found_by: name
    load_from: content_dir
    category: bios_zip
    description: "Neo Geo MVS BIOS set"
    contents:
      - name: vs-bios.rom
        description: "Japan MVS (Ver. 3), the default BIOS choice"
    note: >-
      Read by the Arcade emulator for a Neo Geo MVS game, beside the game or
      in a neogeo/ subfolder of the game's folder. Only the member chosen in
      Settings > Cores is extracted, vs-bios.rom by default, and byte-swapped.
      A missing archive or member stops the load.
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/emulator.cpp:86-94, desktop-ui/emulator/arcade.cpp:456-464, desktop-ui/settings/settings.hpp:144, mia/system/neo-geo-mvs.cpp:12-32"

  # --- Neo Geo Pocket ---
  - name: ngp_bios.rom
    system: snk-ngp
    required: true
    sha256: "0293555b21c4fac516d25199df7809b26beeae150e1d4504a050db32264a6ad7"
    validation: [sha256]
    description: "Neo Geo Pocket BIOS"
    config_key: "NeoGeoPocket/Firmware/BIOS.World"
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/neo-geo-pocket.cpp:12, desktop-ui/settings/settings.cpp:263-264, 280-283"

  # --- Neo Geo Pocket Color ---
  - name: ngpc_bios.rom
    system: snk-ngpc
    required: true
    sha256: "8fb845a2f71514cec20728e2f0fecfade69444f8d50898b92c2259f1ba63e10d"
    validation: [sha256]
    description: "Neo Geo Pocket Color BIOS"
    config_key: "NeoGeoPocketColor/Firmware/BIOS.World"
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/neo-geo-pocket-color.cpp:12, desktop-ui/settings/settings.cpp:263-264, 280-283"

  # --- Nintendo 64DD ---
  - name: 64dd_ipl_J.bin
    system: nintendo-64dd
    region: [japan]
    required: true
    sha256: "806400ec0df94b0755de6c5b8249d6b6a9866124c5ddbdac198bde22499bfb8b"
    validation: [sha256]
    description: "Nintendo 64DD IPL ROM (Japan retail)"
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/nintendo-64dd.cpp:17"

  - name: 64dd_ipl_U.bin
    system: nintendo-64dd
    region: [north-america]
    required: true
    sha256: "e9fec87a45fba02399e88064b9e2f8cf0f2106e351c58279a87f05da5bc984ad"
    validation: [sha256]
    description: "Nintendo 64DD IPL ROM (US dev kit)"
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/nintendo-64dd.cpp:18"

  - name: 64dd_ipl_DEV.bin
    system: nintendo-64dd
    required: true
    sha256: "9c2962a8b994a29e4cd04b3a6e4ed730a751414655ab6a9799ebf5fc08b79d44"
    validation: [sha256]
    description: "Nintendo 64DD IPL ROM (development)"
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/nintendo-64dd.cpp:19"

  # --- PC Engine CD ---
  - name: syscard1.pce
    system: pc-engine-cd
    required: true
    sha256: "afe9f27f91ac918348555b86298b4f984643eafa2773196f2c5441ea84f0c3bb"
    validation: [sha256]
    description: "PC Engine CD-ROM2 System Card v1.0 (Japan). Also used by PC Engine LD."
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/pc-engine-cd.cpp:15"

  - name: syscard3.pce
    system: pc-engine-cd
    required: true
    sha256: "e11527b3b96ce112a037138988ca72fd117a6b0779c2480d9e03eaebece3d9ce"
    validation: [sha256]
    description: "Super CD-ROM2 System Card v3.0 (Japan). Also used by SuperGrafx CD as Arcade Card."
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/pc-engine-cd.cpp:16, desktop-ui/emulator/supergrafx-cd.cpp:15"

  - name: syscard3u.pce
    system: pc-engine-cd
    required: true
    sha256: "cadac2725711b3c442bcf237b02f5a5210c96f17625c35fa58f009e0ed39e4db"
    validation: [sha256]
    description: "TurboGrafx-CD Super System Card v3.0 (US)"
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/pc-engine-cd.cpp:17"

  - name: games_express.pce
    system: pc-engine-cd
    required: true
    sha256: "4b86bb96a48a4ca8375fc0109631d0b1d64f255a03b01de70594d40788ba6c3d"
    validation: [sha256]
    description: "Games Express CD Card (Japan). Also used by PC Engine LD."
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/pc-engine-cd.cpp:18"

  # --- PC Engine LD (LaserActive NEC PAC) ---
  - name: pac-n10.pce
    system: pc-engine-ld
    required: true
    sha256: "0e87a3385a27b3a4cac51934819b7eefa5b3d690768d2495633838488cd0e2e4"
    validation: [sha256]
    description: "NEC PAC-N10 LaserActive module (US)"
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/pc-engine-ld.cpp:18"

  - name: pac-n1.pce
    system: pc-engine-ld
    required: true
    sha256: "459325690a458baebd77495c91e37c4dddfdd542ba13a821ce954e5bb245627f"
    validation: [sha256]
    description: "NEC PAC-N1 LaserActive module (Japan)"
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/pc-engine-ld.cpp:19"

  - name: pce-lp1.pce
    system: pc-engine-ld
    required: true
    sha256: "3f43b3b577117d84002e99cb0baeb97b0d65b1d70b4adadc68817185c6a687f0"
    validation: [sha256]
    description: "NEC PCE-LP1 LaserActive module (Japan)"
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/pc-engine-ld.cpp:20"

  # --- PlayStation ---
  - name: scph5501.bin
    system: sony-playstation
    region: [north-america, latin-america]
    required: true
    sha256: "11052b6499e466bbf0a709b1f9cb6834a9418e66680387912451e971cf8a1fef"
    validation: [sha256]
    description: "PlayStation BIOS (US)"
    note: "Picked for NTSC-U, set by both America licence strings and for an executable. A disc with no recognised licence offers NTSC-U and PAL, and the Boot/Prefer setting picks (mia/medium/playstation.cpp:68-75, 92, desktop-ui/emulator/playstation.cpp:94-101, desktop-ui/emulator/emulator.cpp:97-115)."
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/playstation.cpp:21, desktop-ui/emulator/playstation.cpp:94-101, mia/medium/playstation.cpp:67-75"

  - name: scph5500.bin
    system: sony-playstation
    region: [japan]
    required: true
    sha256: "9c0421858e217805f4abe18698afea8d5aa36ff0727eb8484944e00eb5e7eadb"
    validation: [sha256]
    description: "PlayStation BIOS (Japan)"
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/playstation.cpp:22, desktop-ui/emulator/playstation.cpp:94-101, mia/medium/playstation.cpp:67-75"

  - name: scph5502.bin
    system: sony-playstation
    region: [europe, oceania]
    required: true
    sha256: "1faaa18fa820a0225e488d9f086296b8e6c46df739666093987ff7d8fd352c09"
    validation: [sha256]
    description: "PlayStation BIOS (Europe)"
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/playstation.cpp:23, desktop-ui/emulator/playstation.cpp:94-101, mia/medium/playstation.cpp:67-75"

  # --- Saturn ---
  - name: saturn_bios_U.bin
    system: saturn
    required: true
    description: "Sega Saturn BIOS (US)"
    note: "Never picked from the disc: mia tags every Saturn disc NTSC-J (mia/medium/saturn.cpp:42, desktop-ui/emulator/saturn.cpp:26-30)."
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/saturn.cpp:14"

  - name: saturn_bios_J.bin
    system: saturn
    required: true
    description: "Sega Saturn BIOS (Japan)"
    note: "Picked for every disc: mia tags each Saturn disc NTSC-J without reading it (mia/medium/saturn.cpp:42, desktop-ui/emulator/saturn.cpp:26-30)."
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/saturn.cpp:15"

  - name: saturn_bios_E.bin
    system: saturn
    required: true
    description: "Sega Saturn BIOS (Europe)"
    note: "Never picked from the disc: mia tags every Saturn disc NTSC-J (mia/medium/saturn.cpp:42, desktop-ui/emulator/saturn.cpp:26-30)."
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/saturn.cpp:16"

  # --- SFC subsystem ROMs (loaded as game cartridges, not firmware) ---
  - name: SGB1.sfc
    system: nintendo-snes
    required: false
    category: game_data
    description: "Super Game Boy cartridge ROM, opened as the Super Famicom game. The SGB1 boot ROM is embedded and appended when the image lacks it."
    note: >-
      Without its own boot ROM the image gets the embedded SGB1 boot ROM appended before hashing, so the database SHA-256 (4d7fc331, SYS-SGB-2) is that of the 256 KiB ROM followed by the 256-byte boot ROM.
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/super-famicom.cpp:179-187, mia/medium/super-famicom.cpp:42-62, mia/medium/super-famicom.cpp:88-95, mia/medium/super-famicom.cpp:891-895"

  - name: SGB2.sfc
    system: nintendo-snes
    required: false
    category: game_data
    description: "Super Game Boy 2 cartridge ROM, opened as the Super Famicom game. The SGB2 boot ROM is embedded and appended when the image lacks it."
    note: >-
      Identified by serial 042J or the label Super GAMEBOY2. Without its own boot ROM the image gets the embedded SGB2 boot ROM appended before hashing, so the database SHA-256 (e1db895a, SYS-SGB2-10) is that of the 512 KiB ROM followed by the 256-byte boot ROM, and the board carries its own 20971520 Hz oscillator.
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/super-famicom.cpp:179-187, mia/medium/super-famicom.cpp:42-62, mia/medium/super-famicom.cpp:88-95, mia/medium/super-famicom.cpp:590-592, mia/medium/super-famicom.cpp:891-895"

  - name: STBIOS.bin
    system: nintendo-snes
    required: false
    category: game_data
    description: "Sufami Turbo base cartridge ROM, opened as the Super Famicom game. Its two slots then ask for Sufami Turbo cartridges."
    note: >-
      Identified by the BANDAI SFC-ADX signature at offset 0, since another game shares its serial A9PJ. The database lists the 256 KiB ROM as SHVC-A9PJ-0 (SHA-256 edacb453).
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/super-famicom.cpp:199-217, mia/medium/super-famicom.cpp:570-576"

  - name: BS-X.bin
    system: nintendo-snes
    required: false
    category: game_data
    description: "Satellaview BS-X cartridge ROM, opened as the Super Famicom game. Its slot then asks for a BS Memory pack."
    note: >-
      Identified by serial ZBSJ, which gives the BS-MCC board. The database lists the 1 MiB ROM as SHVC-ZBSJ-1 (SHA-256 3ce32149).
    source_ref: "desktop-ui/emulator/super-famicom.cpp:189-197, mia/medium/super-famicom.cpp:587-589"