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libretro/emulators/fuse.yml
Abdessamad Derraz de1940d57c feat: hle_fallback on 39 emulator profiles (266 entries) 
Batch analysis of all 273 profiles to identify HLE/embedded
fallbacks. Added hle_fallback: true where the core has verified
software replacement for missing BIOS files:

- Embedded ROMs: vice (102), ep128emu (22), fuse (18), frodo (4)
- HLE BIOS: bsnes* (33 across 3 profiles), puae (9 AROS),
  noods (4), melonds* (6 FreeBIOS), flycast (3 reios)
- Open-source replacements: sameboy (8), pokemini (1), gpsp (1)
- Built-in fallbacks: np2kai (7), atari800 (6 Altirra),
  picodrive (3), quasi88 (4), gambatte (2)

Conservative: only added where notes or source code confirm HLE.
Skipped 50+ profiles where files are optional alternatives, not
HLE replaceable (neocd, opera, kronos, pcem, etc.)
2026-03-19 13:03:48 +01:00

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emulator: Fuse
type: libretro
source: "https://github.com/libretro/fuse-libretro"
profiled_date: "2026-03-18"
core_version: "1.6.0"
display_name: "Sinclair - ZX Spectrum (Fuse)"
cores:
- fuse
systems:
- sinclair-zxspectrum
notes: |
Fuse (Free Unix Spectrum Emulator) ported to libretro. Emulates the ZX
Spectrum family: 16K, 48K, 48K NTSC, 128K, +2, +2A, +3, +3e, SE, Timex
TC2048, TC2068, TS2068, Pentagon 128K/512K/1024, and Scorpion 256K.
ROM loading is in src/compat/file.c:91-118. The core first checks an
internal table of embedded ROMs (mem_entries[]). If the ROM filename is
not found there, it falls back to the filesystem at
{system_dir}/fuse/{rom_filename} (file.c:160-175).
Embedded ROMs cover 48K-family, 128K, +2, +3, +3e, SE, TC2048, TC2068.
Pentagon, Scorpion, and peripheral ROMs are NOT embedded and must be
placed in {system_dir}/fuse/ by the user.
Default ROM filenames are set in fuse/settings.c:209-260. Each machine
type loads its ROMs during reset via machine_load_rom() calls in
fuse/machines/*.c files.
The +2A reuses the +3 ROMs (plus3-0/1/2/3.rom) per settings.c:234-237.
The TS2068 reuses TC2068 ROMs (tc2068-0/1.rom) per settings.c:257-258.
Spectrum 16K uses 48.rom per settings.c:211.
files:
# -- Embedded ROMs (compiled into the core, not required on disk) --
- name: "fuse/48.rom"
system: sinclair-zxspectrum
required: false
hle_fallback: true
md5: 4c42a2f075212361c3117015b107ff68
sha1: 5ea7c2b824672e914525d1d5c419d71b84a426a2
size: 16384
note: "Spectrum 48K ROM. Also used for 16K and 48K NTSC. Embedded in core."
source_ref: "fuse/settings.c:211-212, fuse/machines/spec48.c:76"
- name: "fuse/128-0.rom"
system: sinclair-zxspectrum
required: false
hle_fallback: true
md5: b4d2692115a9f2924df92a3cbfb358fb
sha1: 4f4b11ec22326280bdb96e3baf9db4b4cb1d02c5
size: 16384
note: "Spectrum 128K ROM 0 (editor). Embedded in core."
source_ref: "fuse/settings.c:209, fuse/machines/spec128.c:70"
- name: "fuse/128-1.rom"
system: sinclair-zxspectrum
required: false
hle_fallback: true
md5: 6e09e5d3c4aef166601669feaaadc01c
sha1: 80080644289ed93d71a1103992a154cc9802b2fa
size: 16384
note: "Spectrum 128K ROM 1 (48 BASIC). Embedded in core."
source_ref: "fuse/settings.c:210, fuse/machines/spec128.c:73"
- name: "fuse/plus2-0.rom"
system: sinclair-zxspectrum
required: false
hle_fallback: true
md5: 4ed7af4636308b8a48d7a35e6c5b546b
sha1: 72703f9a3e734f3c23ec34c0727aae4ccbef9a91
size: 16384
note: "Spectrum +2 ROM 0. Embedded in core."
source_ref: "fuse/settings.c:232, fuse/machines/specplus2.c:70"
- name: "fuse/plus2-1.rom"
system: sinclair-zxspectrum
required: false
hle_fallback: true
md5: b3db95931cc844efaeb82db9c171b9f3
sha1: de8b0d2d0379cfe7c39322a086ca6da68c7f23cb
size: 16384
note: "Spectrum +2 ROM 1. Embedded in core."
source_ref: "fuse/settings.c:233, fuse/machines/specplus2.c:73"
- name: "fuse/plus3-0.rom"
system: sinclair-zxspectrum
required: false
hle_fallback: true
md5: 9833b8b73384dd5fa3678377ff00a2bb
sha1: e319ed08b4d53a5e421a75ea00ea02039ba6555b
size: 16384
note: "Spectrum +3 ROM 0. Also used for +2A. Embedded in core."
source_ref: "fuse/settings.c:234,238, fuse/machines/specplus3.c:197"
- name: "fuse/plus3-1.rom"
system: sinclair-zxspectrum
required: false
hle_fallback: true
md5: 0f711ceb5ab801b4701989982e0f334c
sha1: c9969fc36095a59787554026a9adc3b87678c794
size: 16384
note: "Spectrum +3 ROM 1. Also used for +2A. Embedded in core."
source_ref: "fuse/settings.c:235,239, fuse/machines/specplus3.c:200"
- name: "fuse/plus3-2.rom"
system: sinclair-zxspectrum
required: false
hle_fallback: true
md5: 3b6dd659d5e4ec97f0e2f7878152c987
sha1: 22e50c6ba4157a3f6a821bd9937cd26e292775c6
size: 16384
note: "Spectrum +3 ROM 2. Also used for +2A. Embedded in core."
source_ref: "fuse/settings.c:236,240, fuse/machines/specplus3.c:203"
- name: "fuse/plus3-3.rom"
system: sinclair-zxspectrum
required: false
hle_fallback: true
md5: a148bcc575e51389e84fdf5d555c3196
sha1: 65f031caa8148a5493afe42c41f4929deab26b4e
size: 16384
note: "Spectrum +3 ROM 3. Also used for +2A. Embedded in core."
source_ref: "fuse/settings.c:237,241, fuse/machines/specplus3.c:206"
- name: "fuse/plus3e-0.rom"
system: sinclair-zxspectrum
required: false
hle_fallback: true
md5: bc123f625e245c225f92ef05933ed134
sha1: 649fbd233490bf58b35350b0123d36caaaa011eb
size: 16384
note: "Spectrum +3e ROM 0. Embedded in core."
source_ref: "fuse/settings.c:242, fuse/machines/specplus3e.c:70"
- name: "fuse/plus3e-1.rom"
system: sinclair-zxspectrum
required: false
hle_fallback: true
md5: 617364264c587d20c9fc4746c29679f2
sha1: f12198108cbb14de4f03c6695bc16d08c85ee214
size: 16384
note: "Spectrum +3e ROM 1. Embedded in core."
source_ref: "fuse/settings.c:243, fuse/machines/specplus3e.c:73"
- name: "fuse/plus3e-2.rom"
system: sinclair-zxspectrum
required: false
hle_fallback: true
md5: c363e95dcd0a90e6e7f847e6e47e0179
sha1: 773633dce5ba323a9e00d9d0f9e4d8c295df7c87
size: 16384
note: "Spectrum +3e ROM 2. Embedded in core."
source_ref: "fuse/settings.c:244, fuse/machines/specplus3e.c:76"
- name: "fuse/plus3e-3.rom"
system: sinclair-zxspectrum
required: false
hle_fallback: true
md5: a148bcc575e51389e84fdf5d555c3196
sha1: 65f031caa8148a5493afe42c41f4929deab26b4e
size: 16384
note: "Spectrum +3e ROM 3. Same as plus3-3.rom. Embedded in core."
source_ref: "fuse/settings.c:245, fuse/machines/specplus3e.c:79"
- name: "fuse/se-0.rom"
system: sinclair-zxspectrum
required: false
hle_fallback: true
md5: fb3f86eb1e5a695d9c50c124e7cfb875
sha1: 8608328d7dd66602a4846f046b24fed500f7d828
size: 16384
note: "Spectrum SE ROM 0. Embedded in core."
source_ref: "fuse/settings.c:251, fuse/machines/spec_se.c:89"
- name: "fuse/se-1.rom"
system: sinclair-zxspectrum
required: false
hle_fallback: true
md5: 88de4a3129086f34bb9ca559acc51e6c
sha1: 3be5de57dd3bd0a9d15c57cabe9179afe2906a52
size: 16384
note: "Spectrum SE ROM 1. Embedded in core."
source_ref: "fuse/settings.c:252, fuse/machines/spec_se.c:92"
- name: "fuse/tc2048.rom"
system: sinclair-zxspectrum
required: false
hle_fallback: true
md5: 9dd7ecf784a6c04265c073c236f5fadb
sha1: febb2d495b6eda7cdcb4074935d6e9d9f328972d
size: 16384
note: "Timex TC2048 ROM. Embedded in core."
source_ref: "fuse/settings.c:254, fuse/machines/tc2048.c:80"
- name: "fuse/tc2068-0.rom"
system: sinclair-zxspectrum
required: false
hle_fallback: true
md5: 55d462fccc6c536037404ef4ced08bec
sha1: 1446cb2780a9dedf640404a639fa3ae518b2d8aa
size: 16384
note: "Timex TC2068 ROM 0. Also used for TS2068. Embedded in core."
source_ref: "fuse/settings.c:255,257, fuse/machines/tc2068.c:138"
- name: "fuse/tc2068-1.rom"
system: sinclair-zxspectrum
required: false
hle_fallback: true
md5: 575d203c6e15e679fba0b73f854ec7a2
sha1: 7e265a2c1f621ed365ea23bdcafdedbc79c1299c
size: 8192
note: "Timex TC2068 ROM 1 (EXROM). Also used for TS2068. Embedded in core."
source_ref: "fuse/settings.c:256,258, fuse/machines/tc2068.c:141"
# -- External ROMs (NOT embedded, must be in {system_dir}/fuse/) --
# Pentagon family
- name: "fuse/128p-0.rom"
system: sinclair-zxspectrum
required: true
md5: ""
size: 16384
note: "Pentagon 128K/512K/1024 ROM 0. Required for Pentagon machines."
source_ref: "fuse/settings.c:221,225,229, fuse/machines/pentagon.c:135"
- name: "fuse/128p-1.rom"
system: sinclair-zxspectrum
required: true
md5: ""
size: 16384
note: "Pentagon 128K/512K/1024 ROM 1. Required for Pentagon machines."
source_ref: "fuse/settings.c:222,226,230, fuse/machines/pentagon.c:138"
- name: "fuse/trdos.rom"
system: sinclair-zxspectrum
required: true
md5: ""
size: 16384
note: "TR-DOS ROM (Beta 128 disk interface). Used by Pentagon and Scorpion."
source_ref: "fuse/settings.c:223,227,231, fuse/machines/pentagon.c:141"
- name: "fuse/gluck.rom"
system: sinclair-zxspectrum
required: true
md5: ""
size: 16384
note: "Gluck ROM. Required for Pentagon 512K and 1024."
source_ref: "fuse/settings.c:224,228, fuse/machines/pentagon512.c:82"
# Scorpion
- name: "fuse/256s-0.rom"
system: sinclair-zxspectrum
required: true
md5: ""
size: 16384
note: "Scorpion 256K ROM 0. Required for Scorpion machine."
source_ref: "fuse/settings.c:247, fuse/machines/scorpion.c:76"
- name: "fuse/256s-1.rom"
system: sinclair-zxspectrum
required: true
md5: ""
size: 16384
note: "Scorpion 256K ROM 1. Required for Scorpion machine."
source_ref: "fuse/settings.c:248, fuse/machines/scorpion.c:79"
- name: "fuse/256s-2.rom"
system: sinclair-zxspectrum
required: true
md5: ""
size: 16384
note: "Scorpion 256K ROM 2. Required for Scorpion machine."
source_ref: "fuse/settings.c:249, fuse/machines/scorpion.c:82"
- name: "fuse/256s-3.rom"
system: sinclair-zxspectrum
required: true
md5: ""
size: 16384
note: "Scorpion 256K ROM 3 (TR-DOS). Required for Scorpion machine."
source_ref: "fuse/settings.c:250, fuse/machines/scorpion.c:85"
# Peripheral ROMs (optional, only needed if peripheral is enabled)
- name: "fuse/if1-2.rom"
system: sinclair-zxspectrum
required: false
md5: ""
size: 16384
note: "Interface 1 ROM (edition 2). Loaded by peripherals/if1.c:403."
source_ref: "fuse/settings.c:216, fuse/peripherals/if1.c:403"
- name: "fuse/disciple.rom"
system: sinclair-zxspectrum
required: false
md5: 78e61a2a02121873c1756b21fd1398b1
sha1: 9a75ed4b293f968985be4c9aa893cd88276d1ced
size: 8192
note: "DISCiPLE disk interface ROM. Bundled in repo but not in mem_entries[]."
source_ref: "fuse/settings.c:215, fuse/peripherals/disk/disciple.c:279"
- name: "fuse/plusd.rom"
system: sinclair-zxspectrum
required: false
md5: 42e5de16fb5e50082bb954ec7ce45851
sha1: 6b841dc5797ef7eb219ad455cd1e434ca3b9d30d
size: 8192
note: "+D disk interface ROM. Bundled in repo but not in mem_entries[]."
source_ref: "fuse/settings.c:246, fuse/peripherals/disk/plusd.c:239"
- name: "fuse/didaktik80.rom"
system: sinclair-zxspectrum
required: false
md5: ""
note: "Didaktik 80 disk interface ROM. Not embedded."
source_ref: "fuse/settings.c:214, fuse/peripherals/disk/didaktik.c:236"
- name: "fuse/opus.rom"
system: sinclair-zxspectrum
required: false
md5: ""
note: "Opus Discovery disk interface ROM. Not embedded."
source_ref: "fuse/settings.c:220, fuse/peripherals/disk/opus.c:210"
- name: "fuse/mf1.rom"
system: sinclair-zxspectrum
required: false
md5: ""
note: "Multiface 1 ROM. Not embedded."
source_ref: "fuse/settings.c:217, fuse/peripherals/multiface.c:224"
- name: "fuse/mf128.rom"
system: sinclair-zxspectrum
required: false
md5: ""
note: "Multiface 128 ROM. Not embedded."
source_ref: "fuse/settings.c:218, fuse/peripherals/multiface.c:225"
- name: "fuse/mf3.rom"
system: sinclair-zxspectrum
required: false
md5: ""
note: "Multiface 3 ROM. Not embedded."
source_ref: "fuse/settings.c:219, fuse/peripherals/multiface.c:226"
- name: "fuse/speccyboot-1.4.rom"
system: sinclair-zxspectrum
required: false
md5: c54aa8f374b0971f51546c29d5d1eba1
sha1: 16af6f052b38a027dd49ba6e96e3a59d16b62672
size: 8192
note: "SpeccyBoot ethernet ROM. Bundled in repo but not in mem_entries[]."
source_ref: "fuse/settings.c:253, fuse/peripherals/speccyboot.c:148"
- name: "fuse/ttx2000s.rom"
system: sinclair-zxspectrum
required: false
md5: ""
note: "TTX2000S teletext adapter ROM. Not embedded."
source_ref: "fuse/settings.c:259, fuse/peripherals/ttx2000s.c:198"
- name: "fuse/usource.rom"
system: sinclair-zxspectrum
required: false
md5: ""
note: "Currah uSource ROM. Not embedded."
source_ref: "fuse/settings.c:260, fuse/peripherals/usource.c:129"
platform_details:
bios_mapping:
source_ref: "src/compat/file.c:55-89, 129-223"
notes: |
ROM resolution order in compat_file_open():
1. Check mem_entries[] (18 embedded ROMs compiled as .h arrays)
2. If not found, try {system_dir}/fuse/{filename} on filesystem
The path is constructed by concatenating system_dir + "/fuse" + path
where path includes the leading slash from fuse's internal path.
embedded_roms:
source_ref: "src/compat/file.c:55-73"
notes: |
18 ROMs embedded in the binary via .h headers generated from .rom files:
48.rom, 128-0.rom, 128-1.rom, plus2-0.rom, plus2-1.rom,
plus3-0/1/2/3.rom, plus3e-0/1/2/3.rom, se-0.rom, se-1.rom,
tc2048.rom, tc2068-0.rom, tc2068-1.rom.
disciple.rom, plusd.rom, speccyboot-1.4.rom are present in the repo
fuse/roms/ directory but NOT in mem_entries[], so they are loaded
from the filesystem only.
machine_rom_map:
source_ref: "fuse/settings.c:209-260, fuse/machines/*.c"
notes: |
Spectrum 16K: 48.rom (1 ROM)
Spectrum 48K: 48.rom (1 ROM)
Spectrum 48K NTSC: 48.rom (1 ROM)
Spectrum 128K: 128-0.rom, 128-1.rom (2 ROMs)
Spectrum +2: plus2-0.rom, plus2-1.rom (2 ROMs)
Spectrum +2A: plus3-0.rom, plus3-1.rom, plus3-2.rom, plus3-3.rom (4 ROMs)
Spectrum +3: plus3-0.rom, plus3-1.rom, plus3-2.rom, plus3-3.rom (4 ROMs)
Spectrum +3e: plus3e-0/1/2/3.rom (4 ROMs)
Spectrum SE: se-0.rom, se-1.rom (2 ROMs)
Timex TC2048: tc2048.rom (1 ROM)
Timex TC2068: tc2068-0.rom, tc2068-1.rom (2 ROMs)
Timex TS2068: tc2068-0.rom, tc2068-1.rom (2 ROMs, same files)
Pentagon 128K: 128p-0.rom, 128p-1.rom, trdos.rom (3 ROMs)
Pentagon 512K: 128p-0.rom, 128p-1.rom, trdos.rom, gluck.rom (4 ROMs)
Pentagon 1024: 128p-0.rom, 128p-1.rom, trdos.rom, gluck.rom (4 ROMs)
Scorpion 256K: 256s-0.rom, 256s-1.rom, 256s-2.rom, 256s-3.rom (4 ROMs)
rom_copyright:
source_ref: "fuse/roms/README.copyright"
notes: |
Most ROMs are copyright Amstrad. Amstrad allows free distribution but
retains copyright. Selling ROMs standalone is not permitted. SE ROMs
are GPLv2+. DISCiPLE/+D ROMs are copyright Datel, distribution allowed.
SpeccyBoot ROM is MIT licensed.
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